when/where/why引導的定語從句的用法

來源:文萃谷 2.92W

when/where/why引導的定語從句

when/where/why引導的定語從句的用法

when, where, why屬於關係副詞, 都在其引導的定語從句中充當狀語, 其具體用法如下:

1.關係副詞 when引導定語從句(包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句)修飾表示時間的先行詞, 在定語從句中充當時間狀語。

例如: I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。// Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下個月即將來臨, 屆時你們將在家鄉度暑假。

2. 關係副詞where引導定語從句(包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句)修飾表示地點的先行詞, 在定語從句中充當地點狀語。

例如: This is the office where he worked. 這就是他工作過的辦公室。// She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳門去定居, 在那裏她有幾個密友。

3. 關係副詞why引導限定性定語從句修飾先行詞reason, 在定語從句中充當原因狀語。

例如: I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他來得那麼晚的原因。// That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。// He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他沒有告訴我他為什麼那樣心煩意亂。

注意:

關係代詞與關係副詞之間並非毫無關聯, 兩者之間存在密切的聯繫。在備考中尤其要注意以下幾點:

1. 很多情況下關係副詞用“介詞+which/whom”來代替, 其中的介詞由先行詞或定語從句中謂語動詞的形式來決定, 例如:

The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.

The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.見到這位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。

I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.

I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.

我將永遠不會忘記我跟她生活的那些歲月。

This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.

This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held.

這是禮堂, 醫學會議將在此召開。

2. 並非先行詞表示時間或地點時都分別用when或where來引導相應的定語從句, 若關係詞在修飾表示時間或地點的先行詞的.定語從句中充當主語、 賓語等而不是狀語時, 需用which或that引導相應的定語從句。例如: Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 你還記得我們一起在學校度過的那些日子嗎?

先行詞the days表時間, 但是其定語從句的引導詞在定語從句中作賓語而不是狀語, 因此不能用when而應該用which或that。

3. that有時可以代替定語從句中的關係副詞when, where, why, 且that常可以省略, 例如: This is the time (when/that) he arrived. 這是他到達的時間。

[考題1] We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer. (2003北京春)

A. which B. that C. whose D. when

[答案] D

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞age, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞when。

[考題2] The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far*9鄄away village. (2001)

A. until B. that C. when D. where

[答案] C

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞hours, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞when。

[考題3] It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. (2000北京、 安徽春)

A. that B. while C. which D. when

[答案] D

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的非限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞moment, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞when。

[考題4] After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. (1996)

A. which B. where C. that D. when

[答案] B

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞town, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當地點狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞where。

[考題5] We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go. (2002北京)

A. what B. which C. where D. when

[答案] C

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的非限定性定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞some other places, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當地點狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞where。

[考題6] I walked in our garden, ____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005遼寧)

A. which B. when C. where D. that

[答案] C

[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞garden並在該定語從句中充當地點狀語, 因此只能填入關係副詞where。

[考題7] We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山東

A. where B. that C. when D. which

[答案] A

[解析] point可以理解成地點、 位置, 其後面的定語從句中缺少地點狀語, 因此下劃線處只能填入引導詞where

熱門標籤