英語四級聽力的備考小技巧

在備考英語四級的聽力過程中，有一些有用的小技巧是可以事半功倍的。為此本站小編為大家帶來備考大學英語四級聽力的小技巧。

聽力理解技巧是建立在聽力理解水平基礎上的，而聽力理解水平是通過聽力理解能力來體現的，它包括記憶和回想的能力、選擇要點的能力、推斷演繹的能力、判斷和得出結論的能力以及運用背景知識的能力。詞彙主要涉及如何處理“生詞”的問題，即利用上下文、同位語猜詞的能力和一詞多義的辨別能力。語法主要包括那些最基本的語法現象，如時態、語態、虛擬語氣、比較級、最高級、否定式和説話人的口氣等。語音、語調、詞彙、語法是語言的基本要素，對它們的熟練掌握是打好語言基本功的關鍵。

通常，比較有兩種基本形式，相等比較和不等比較。相等比較的基本句型為：主語+謂語+as+形容詞或副詞原級+as+被比較對象。請看下面一句話的'比較：

Walking fast uses up as many calories as running slowly。

其中被比較對象為running slowly。但要注意有時出現的一句話只是形式上的相等比較，但在含義上卻是不等比較。像almost，nearly，practically通常表示還差一點，不及等。不等比較的基本句型為：主語+謂語+比較級+than+被比較對象。此外，以比較級形式可表達最高級含義。如下面一句話：

No other student studies as hard as peter。因此，應是彼特學習最刻苦。

在四級聽力考試題目中，直接涉及比較題的內容不多。但我們在這裏仍然把它作為一項技巧列出，一是因為在短文中會有體現，二是因為這將為六級打下基礎。因此，希望考生也把它重視起來。關於比較句式，一要抓住比較對象，二是掌握常見的比較句式。下列是一些常見的比較句式：as…as…，the same as，比較級 + than，prefer…to…，would rather…than等。在比較對象上，注意that、one的指代;此外，還有句子成分的省略。例子如下，

原文：

W: I think I'll wear my red dress to the party tonight。

M: Can't you wear your blue one? I like it much better。

Q: How does the man feel about the woman's red dress?

選項：

A) He hates it。

B) He likes it better than the blue dress。

C) He doesn't know which dress she means。

D) He doesn't like it as well as the blue one。(應選D)

一、短對話對於絕大多數英語學習者來説，從剛接觸英語聽力考試開始就有短對話這種最常見、最固定的題型。短對話共有8個題目，佔卷面總分的8%.該部分一般是日常生活中的對話，即衣、食、住、行、工作、學習、生活等話題。

短對話具有如下特點：對話是一男一女的形式，每人説一句，然後提問，卷面只有選項，沒有問題;美式英語發音和英式英語發音的混合對話。短對話按題型 分類主要有地點題、人物關係或身份職業題、數字計算題、請求和建議題、判斷推理題、因果關係題、詞彙和習慣用語理解題、觀點態度題等。各種題型的答題技巧 在第二節中會作詳細的講解。

在做這部分題目的時候，除了要有紮實的聽力基本功之外，還要掌握一定的方法。

熟悉常考場景及常用詞彙大學英語四級聽力短對話的場景每年都是比較固定的，在相同的場景中會使用到相同或相近的詞彙，因此如果掌握了這些場景中的常用詞彙，這對於提高聽力理解能力起着非常重要的作用。

四級對話中常涉及的場景包括：診所或醫院(clinic or hospital)、 餐館(restaurant)、 學校或校園(school or campus)、書店 (bookstore)、火車站 (railway station)、 機場 (airport)、 圖書館 (library)、 郵局(post office)、 銀行(bank)、 旅館 (hotel)等。

2.預覽選項，預測談話內容，抓住重點最重要的是好好把握播音之前的時間，我們應該利用好這段時間來閲讀選項。閲讀選項的過程中要注意以下兩個方面的問題。

首先，根據選項預測對話內容和提問內容。通過四個選項的對比和對關鍵詞的研究，我們就會預測出對話的內容和將要提問到的問題，在聽的過程中就會抓住重點，解答試題就會事半功倍。

「典型例題」(2006年6月)

12.a) the woman does her own housework. b) the woman needs a housekeeper. c) the woman's house is in a mess. d) the woman works as a housekeeper.顯而易見，此題是有關housework的問題，因為四個選項中分別出現了does housework， needs housekeeper， house mess， work as housekeeper;由此推斷此題是關於做家務方面的一個談話，在聽這則對話時，就可以輕而易舉地對號入座了。

其次，根據選項確定提問的人物對象。短對話是一男一女的形式，通過對選項的分析我們就可以確定提問內容是關於男士的談話內容還是女士的談話內容，從而在聽的過程中會有所側重。

「典型例題」(2007年6月)

14.a) he quit teaching in june. b) he has left the army recently. c) he opened a restaurant near the school. d) he has taken over his brother's business.通過對選項的分析可知，四個選項的主語都是he，因此提問的內容集中在男士的回答上，在聽的過程中要重點聽男士所説的內容。

Passage 3

The British are supposed to be famous for laughing at themselves, but even their sense of humour has a limit, as the British retailer Gerald Ratner found out to his cost. When Ratner took over his father's chain of 130 jewelry shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. It was a great success. The British public loved his cheap gold earrings and his tasteless silver ornaments. By 1991, Ratner's company had 2,400 shops and it was worth over 680 million pounds. But in April of that year, Gerald Ratner made a big mistake. At a big meeting of top British businesspeople, he suited up and explained the secret of his success. People say "How can we sell our goods for such a low price?" I say "Because they are absolute rubbish." His audience roared with laughter. But the British newspapers and the British public were not so amused. People felt insulted and stayed away from Ratner's shops. Sales fell and 6 months after his speech, Ratner's share price had fallen by 42%. The following year, things got worse and Gerald Ratner was forced to resign. By the end of 1992, he lost his company, his career and his house. Even worse, 25,000 of his employees had lost their jobs. It had been a very expensive joke.

Question 22 What did Gerald Ratner decide to do when he took over his father's shops?

Question 23 On what occasion did Gerald Ratner explained the secret of his success?

Question 24 How did people feel when they leaned of Gerald Ratner's remarks?

Question 25 What does the story of Gerald Ratner suggest?