關於英語解題方法解析

來源:文萃谷 1.45W

在考場之中,考生們可能難以得到如此多的背景信息,但是,這並不妨礙我們按照我們的日常練習的方式來解答這篇閲讀

關於英語解題方法解析

我們的第一個步驟仍然是:讀題劃點。

第36 題.,題幹為:By saying to find silver linings (Line 1,Para.2)the author suggest that the jobless try to___.

通過對於題乾的分析,這是一道詞組或者説是詞義的推理題目。要求考生,通過劃線的詞組來推斷作者的建議。

我們注意的是該題的出題位置,是在第二段的第一行,這使得很多同學心裏上放鬆了對於第一段落的重視。如果真的如此,則考生便陷入了出題人的陷阱。因為出題人之所以設計考點在此,便是通過對於第二段首句的考察來進行大綱所要求的對於上下文內在結構的理解的考察。即,第二段的內容是如何通過此句與文章的第一個段落聯繫在一起的。

所以這道題的解題區域(相關解釋詳見同上)不僅包括該段落後續內容,也包含了上一段落的最後幾個部分。

在此,有一些同學基礎很好,能夠知道to find silver linings在英語中有着一個固定含義,即尋找一線生機。於是便開始積極的且急急的去對應答案選項解答題目。

殊不知,考研的出題人本就是不想讓你知道這詞或是詞組的意思的,這樣你才能返回文章,通過閲讀得到含義,實現考試的目的`。於是,哪些同學有可能反被聰明誤而錯選答案而失去分數。

故,在這裏,作為一個從教多年的教師,提醒各位考生們:

1. 考研閲讀的原文是衡量答案的唯一標準!

2. 一切與原文形同而意義不同的選項都是紙老虎!

第37題,題幹為According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____.

該題為:段落細節題。注意關鍵點made people。

此題與第一題出題區域結合較為緊密,故在解題時,應避免與第一題相同的答案。如果答案相同,則意味着出題重複。這不符合考試大綱對於出題人的基本要求。

第38題,題幹為Benjamin Friedman believed that economic recession may_____.

該題為:事實細節題,關鍵點在:BF。問的是他的相信。只要找到BF此人,研讀其觀點,便可解題。

第39題,題幹為The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____.可以翻譯為:對於TVW的研究建議在衰退中的名牌大學的畢業生傾向於______。

關鍵點在於:TVW和elite universities 。需要知道名牌大學生在衰退中的情況。

第40題,題幹為The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.

該題是作者觀點題。該題可翻譯為:作者認為艱難的時光對於社會的影響是______。

作者觀點態度題可以從全文來解決,也可以找到相關的定位點來解決,故不做過多分析。

第二步驟:帶點讀文。

第36 題,第37題,定位點較為清晰。

第38題,BF的主張出現在第三段第二句,一直到該段落內容結束都是其觀點:Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.

第39題,TVW定位在第四段第二句,elite universities定位在同句,所以該句一直到最後都是解題區域:The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

第40題,屬於觀點題,既可以全文總結,也可以有定位點解決。在此先放置不解決。

第三步驟:以點解題。

第36 題,結合文章研讀選項:

[A]seek subsidies from the government A選項,從政府尋求補助金。

該選項在文章中沒有提及,直接排除。

[B]explore reasons for the unemployment B選項,探索失業的理由。

該選項在文中有Many said that unemployment中有相同體現,但是與所謂原因沒有關係,故排除。

[C]make profits from the troubled economy C選項,從困窘的經濟中得利。

該選項看起來有原文呼應: while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others.但是,研讀之下,發現,並沒有選項中的profit獲利一詞,只是説人們有了一些積極的改變。所以不能選擇,獲利,盈利。

故,綜合分析,[D]look on the bright side of the recessionD選項,看到衰退中光明的一面。符合原文。

第37題,結合文章研讀選項:

[A]realize the national dream,A選項,實現了民族的夢想(美國夢)。

在文中,有相關的體現在於:awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses,這與選項內容不符合,屬於同形不同義,排除。

[B]struggle against each other,B選項,彼此爭鬥。

這在原文中有:they were more aware of the struggles of others體現,但是這只是説有了一種意識,而不是真的each other的與任何人都去struggle against,故屬於同形不同義,排除。

[C]challenge their lifestyle,C選項,挑戰了他們的生活方式。

該選項符合文章中的相關內容,與題乾結合有歧義,即人們自己挑戰自己的生活方式。實際上,原文所提及的一些題改變是人們迫不得已的重新思考的結果,而不是人們自主的挑戰。所以,排除此選項。

[D]reconsider their lifestyle ,D選項,重新思考他們的時候方式。

文章中had improved them in some ways;;they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others.;At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending都是一種基於改變的思考,故選D選項。

第38題,結合文章研讀選項:

[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants,A選項,加重外來移民的負擔。

原文中表述如下:Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases即反移民的情緒增加,但是這不是移民的負擔,所以與上題的多幹擾項一樣,屬於同形不同義,排除。

[B]bring out more evils of human nature ,B選項,使顯示出更多的人性的罪惡。

通過對engthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.的綜合,可以確定,此選項為正確選項。

[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms,C選項,推動權力和自由的進步以及[D]ease conflicts between races and classes,D選項,緩和各個種族與各個階級之間的衝突明顯與原文stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.以及does conflict between races and classes不符合,所以排除。

故,最終確認,答案為B選項。

第39題,結合文章研讀選項:

Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities,A選項,由於缺少機會而落後於其他人。

文章中有decrease opportunities to cross them,但是此句,只是在討論前面的核心點class divides,而不是有關於elite universities。

而left behind所在 it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.這一句是一個明顯的強調句型,還原為原句後是:the masses beneath them are left behind. 其中them指代前面的those with degrees from elite universities即題幹中的名牌大學生。故該句翻譯成:在名牌大學之後的大眾們被拋在後面。

所以,名牌大學生沒有因為機會少而落後,故屬於同形不同義,排除。

[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees,B選項,以很快趕上了經驗豐富的員工。

原文中有:those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times。其catch up quickly with 對象是where they have been,而非人,所以,排除不選。

[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’,C選項,和其他人一樣把他們的生活機會看的很暗淡。

根據原文,同樣可以知道,他們不會如同其他人一樣,所以排除。

[D]recover more quickly than the others,D選項,比其他人回覆的更快速。

在原文中的those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.説明,第一名牌大學生會去到在較好的時代不能去到的高度,其次他們可以超過其他人,所以,答案為,他們恢復的更快。

第30題,在文章中不好確定,故進入第四步驟解題。

第四步驟:全文解題。

全文前四個段落都已出題,唯獨最後一個段落沒有出題,根據出題區域不重複的原則(相見同上),所以研讀選項後,重點研讀最後一個段落。

[A]certain ,A選項,確定的。

[B]positive,B選項,積極地。

[C]trivial,C選項,瑣碎的。

[D]destructive,D選項,毀滅的。

C選項與D選項,屬於負面選項,縱觀全文,內容較為可觀且積極,所以負面的選項,應該排除,其實這也好理解,就是如果真的是全負面的影響,美國人民可能就是去活下去的勇氣了……

而,很多同學會被B選項,積極地,所迷惑,原因是文中提及了很多好一點的內容,但是,在文章中的最後一段有原文:We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.

所以,答案為A選項,確定的。即作者認為是有影響的,但是影響的最終結果,仍需等待。

所以結合上面的真題解析,我們可以知道,在閲讀之時不要為相同但是卻不同意義的選項所迷惑,原文才是檢驗真題的唯一途徑!

希望該文章能對各位同學的複習有所幫助。

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