國中英語動詞種類語法

來源:文萃谷 2.01W

動詞的種類

國中英語動詞種類語法

動詞是表示動作或狀態的詞,按其詞義和在句子中的作用可分為行為動詞,連繫動詞,助動詞和情態動詞。

1.行為動詞

行為動詞可分為及物動詞 (vt)和不及物動詞(vi),及物動詞表示動作或狀態,有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,後跟賓語;不及物動詞表示動作或狀態,有完整的詞義,能單獨作謂語,但後面不能直接跟賓語,如要帶賓語則與介詞或副詞構成短語。

如:

More and more people study English.(vt)

The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)

2.連繫動詞

連繫動詞本身有一定的詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,必須與表語一起構成謂語。常用的連繫動詞有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。

如:

Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

It feels damp.

3.助動詞

助動詞本身無詞義,不能單獨作謂語,只能和主要動詞一起構成謂語動詞,表示否定,疑問及動詞的時態、語態、人稱和數等語法特徵,助動詞有 be,do,have,shall,will等。

如:

How do you usually come to school?

The children are playing yo-yo now.

4.情態動詞

情態動詞本身有一定的意義,但不能獨立作謂語,只能和主要動詞原形一起構成謂語,表示説話人的語氣和情態。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。情態動詞有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。

如:

Can I help you?

- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .

a. can與be able to的用法有所區別。can只用於一般現在時和過去時,指本身有能力的"能";be able to用於各種時態均可,指須經過努力而"能"。

b. must與have/has to的.用法。must表示説話人主觀認為"必須",只用於一般現在時和一般將來時;have/has to表示客觀需要,意為"不得不",它可用於各種時態。

c.need和dare既可作情態動詞也可作行為動詞。

以上對動詞的種類知識的內容講解學習,相信同學們已經能很好的掌握了吧,希望同學們在考試中取得很好的成績

國中英語語法大全:動詞不定式的形式

對於英語的學習中,關於動詞不定式的形式知識點的內容,我們做下面的講解學習哦。

動詞不定式的形式

1.作主語。 如:

To learn English is very important.

但實際上不定式作主語常用 it來作形式主語,而將不定式移至謂語動詞後作真正的主語。

如上句可表達為:

It's very important to learn English.

2.作表語。 如:

My idea is to ring him up at once.

3.作賓語。 如:

I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.

4.作賓語補足語。

a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等動詞後面接動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.

b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等動詞後接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.

c. let, make, have這些使役動詞後接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。但在被動語態中這些不帶to的都須帶上to。

如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.

d.動詞help接動詞不定式作賓語補足語,可帶to也可不帶to。

如: Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?

5.作定語。

a.與被修飾詞有動賓關係。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式動詞為不及物動詞,後面的介詞千萬不要省略。

如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.

b.與被修飾詞有主謂關係。

如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.

c.與被修飾之間只有修飾關係。

如: I have no time to play cards.

6.作狀語,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、結果等。

如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.

7.不定式複合結構"for sb. to do sth" 作主語時,常用"It is +adj+ for

of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容詞good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,

right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."

其他形容詞用 for。

如:

It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.

It's very kind of you to help me.

8.動詞不定式與疑問句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等連用。

如: I don't know when to start.

He didn't tell me where to go.

但上面結構相當於一個從句,故上述句子也可表達為:

I don't know when we'll start.

He didn't tell me where he would go.

注意:

a.有些動詞或動詞短語不能帶不定式,只能接動詞的-ing形式。

如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(錯過),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。

如: The peasants are busy picking apples.

Would you mind my opening the door?

b.有些動詞後可接不定式,也可接動詞的-ing形式,但意思不同。

如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(該寄但還沒做)

Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已經寄過信了)

They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)

They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)

希望上面對動詞不定式的形式知識的內容講解學習,同學們都能很好的掌握,相信同學們會取得很好的成績的哦。

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