託福綜合寫作材料範文「TPO3」

託福TPO3綜合寫作的材料圍繞倫勃朗的一幅畫作展開。下面是小編整理的託福TPO3綜合寫作範文和材料原文，希望能幫到大家!

The lecture revises the idea presented in the text, that Rembrandt was not the artist who painted the famous painting “Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet”.

The inconsistency between the white cap, which identifies the woman as a servant, and the expensive fur collar she wears dissolves as the Professor explains that the fur collar was apparently painted over the original painting to increase its worth by displaying an aristocratic woman.

In addition, the assumption that light and shadow in the painting do not fit together is refuted by the fact that in the original painting, the woman wears a light cloth that illuminated her face. Thus the presentation of light and shadow was indeed very realistic and accurate, as it is characteristic of Rembrandt’s paintings.

Finally, the mystery of the panel consisting of patches glued together is also solved in the ally, the wood panel was later enlarged to make it more grand and valuable, but the original painting was painted on a single panel, as Rembrandt would have done it. Furthermore, the wood is of the same tree used in other Rembrandt paintings, like the “Self-Portrait with a Hat”.

All this information points to Rembrandt as the painter of the controversial painting.

Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.

倫勃朗是十七世紀荷蘭最富盛名的畫家。然後，對於有些畫作是否確實出自他手卻是頗有爭議的。有一副有爭議的畫歸於倫勃朗名下是因為其風格屬於倫勃朗，同時畫上女子的面龐也同倫勃朗其他畫作中的人物非常類似的。然而，這幅畫中存在的一些問題卻表明這幅畫不是倫勃朗的作品。

First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency.

首先，這幅畫上的一個問題就是畫中女子的衣着有些不協調。她帶着一個白色的亞麻帽子，這是一種僕人才會戴的帽子。但是穿的.衣服卻有一個奢華的皮草領子，這樣的衣服是僕人階層所不能承受的。以關注作品服飾細節著稱的倫勃朗是不會在作品中發這樣的錯誤的。

Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.

第二，倫勃朗是光影大師，但是在這幅作品中光影卻是不協調的。人物的面龐被來自下面的光照亮了，但是面部下面卻是深色的皮草領子。這個深色的皮草領子應該是吸光而不是反光的，所以面部應該呈現的是半明半暗的狀態，而不是全部都是亮的。倫勃朗是絕不會犯這樣的錯誤的。

Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.

最後，對於畫作背側的檢查發現這幅畫的木板是有幾塊木頭粘在一起的。儘管倫勃朗常常會在木板上作畫，但是尚未發現倫勃朗使用幾塊拼接的木板作畫。

For these reason the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.

因為上述原因，這幅畫在1930年代從倫勃朗的官方畫作目錄中移除了。

Everything you just read about “Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet” is true, and yet after a thorough re-examination of the painting, a panel of experts has recently concluded that it’s indeed a work by Rembrandt. Here is why.

剛才你讀到的關於“戴白帽的老嫗”的説法都是真的。但是經過專家小組對這幅畫徹底的檢查，最近確定這幅畫確實是倫勃朗的作品。原因如下：

First, the fur collar. X-rays and analysis of the pigments in the paint have shown that the fur collar wasn’t part of the original painting. The fur collar was painted over the top of the original painting about a hundred years after the painting was made. Why? Someone probably wanted to increase the value of the painting by making it look like a formal portrait of an aristocratic lady.

首先是皮草領子。專家小組用X光檢查並分析了畫上的顏料，發現這個皮草領子不是原畫作的組成部分。這個皮草領子是在成畫後一百年之後直接畫在原畫上面的。這麼做的目的是什麼呢?可能是有人想讓這幅畫看起來像是一個貴族女子的正式畫像，以為這樣可以提高畫的價值。

Second, the supposed error with light and shadow. Once the paint of the added fur color was removed, the original painting could be seen. In the original painting, the woman is wearing a simple collar of light-colored cloth. The light-colored cloth of this collar reflects light that illuminated part of the woman’s face. That’s why the face is not in partial shadow. So in the original painting, light and shadow are very realistic and just what we could expect from Rembrandt.

第二，所謂的光影問題。只要把這個後加上來的皮草領子移除，我們就能看到原畫。在原畫上，這個女人穿的是一個有這單領的淺色袍子。這個帶領子的淺色袍子能夠把光反射到女人的臉上。這是為什麼這個女人的臉上沒有呈現出半明半暗的狀態。所以呢，原畫上的光影是具備倫勃朗應該具有的寫實風格的。

Finally, the wood panel. It turns out that when the fur collar was added, the wood panel was also enlarged with extra wood pieces glued to the sides and the top to make the painting more grand and more valuable. So the original painting is actually painted on a single piece of wood, as would be expected from a Rembrandt painting. And in fact, researchers have found that the piece of wood in the original form of “Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet” is from the very same tree as the wood panel used for another painting by Rembrandt, his “Self-portrait with a Hat”.

最後，木板的問題。研究發現，在加上皮草領子的同時，木板也是被認為的增大了。有人在原畫的上邊和側面粘上了木板，以期望可以使這幅畫看起來更大和更貴重。所以這幅話最初是畫在一個單塊木板上的，這樣就符合我們對倫勃朗風格的期待了。同時，研究人員發現這幅“戴白帽的老嫗”上所使用的木材同倫勃朗的另一幅畫所使用的木板來自同一顆樹。這幅畫是他的“戴帽子的自畫像”，這一點更有力地説明了這幅畫是倫勃朗所作。