專業四級寫作考前強化
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一、Test 1 Advertising·廣告
(一)寫作佳句及慣用表達
Daily life needs advertisements because the main function of advertising is to disseminate information on commodities, services, culture, employment, student enrolment and even marriage.
日常生活需要廣告，因為廣告的主要功能是傳播有關商品、服務、文化、就業、招生、甚至婚姻方面的信息。?
Advertisements provide the most direct, comprehensive and detailed information. We get to know about household goods from advertisements. Advertising can be beneficial to the customers if it is true to its claims.
廣告提供最直接、全面和詳細的信息。我們從廣告上了解家用商品。廣告如果名副其實，對消費者是有益的。?
Advertising creates mass markets. Without advertisements, manufacturers may find it difficult to sell their products.
廣告可開拓市場。如果沒有廣告，生產者就可能難以銷售他們的產品。?
Without advertisements, newspapers, commercial radios and television companies could not survive.
(如果)沒有廣告，報社、商業廣播之聲、電視公司就不能生存。?
Advertisements are misleading and cheating. They are filled with flowery phrases and empty promises.
廣告起誤導作用，並具有欺騙性。廣告中充滿着華麗的詞語和空洞的諾言。?
Fake advertising cheats consumers and, in some serious cases, t
hreatens gullible people’s lives.
虛假廣告欺騙消費者，而且嚴重地對輕信廣告的人們的生命構成威脅。?
Advertisers are inconsiderate of the public. What they care about is making money.
廣告商不顧大眾利益。他們所關心的就是賺錢。?
Advertisements are not based on the quality of the goods, but on the principle that if one keeps talking about the same thing long enough, eventually people will pay attention to it.
廣告的製作並不是根據產品的質量，而是根據這樣的原則：一個人只要長時間一直談論同一東西，最終人們就會去注意它。?
Advertising encourages consumers to “keep up with the Joneses”, namely, it creates an acquisitive society and a demand for material things.
廣告鼓勵消費者攀比，換句話説，廣告創造出一個貪婪的社會及對物質的需求。?
Consumers are encouraged by advertisements to buy insurance (fear); buy cosmetics (vanity); and eat more than necessary (greed).
廣告鼓勵消費者買保險(恐懼);買化粧品(虛榮);多吃(貪婪)。
Admonish your friends in private, praise them in public.
對朋友私下勸戒，公開表揚。
(二)寫作範文
Advertising is common throughout the world as a way of letting the public know about a product. Some people feel that advertising is generally helpful, while others feel it is often harmful. Discuss your idea of good and bad effects of advertising, and decide whether you think it is generally helpful or harmful. Use specific examples to support your discussion.
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:
The Good and Bad Effects of Advertising
You are to write in four paragraphs.?
In the first paragraph, state your point of view.;
In the second paragraph, describe the harmful effects and give specific examples.?
In the third paragraph, describe the helpful effects and give specific examples.?
In the last paragraph, restate your point of view.?
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.??
In most countries in the world, advertising is common. You can see posters
on doors, signs on buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on TV. Though
these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising
has very positive results.?
The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. When you are listening to
beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. Television commercials are the worst of all. Your program is stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. I think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers’ right to interrupt TV and radio programs.?
In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. When I do shopping, I can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product I want to buy. By being more informed, I can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. With advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping, looking for jobs, etc.?
Adversity leads to prosperity.
逆境通向成功。
All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.?
(三)學習要點
1. commercial商業廣告?
fit me in the long run從長遠來説對我有益。比較in the short run: 從短期來説?
in all 總的説來;總之
(四)要點提示
is seldom welcome; and those who want it the most always like it the least.
忠言逆耳，就是最需要忠告的人也總是最不喜歡它。
結構分析：?
()1.. Introduction
DS: 1. 2. ... (過渡句)?
TS: Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results. (作者的觀點。Though clause 使得表達上更嚴密。)?
(2)
TS1: The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. (提出廣告有害的一面)
DS: 1 ... 2... 3 ... 4 ...(論據—supporting facts)?
TS2: In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisem
ents are beneficial to society and individuals.(廣告有益的方面)
DS: 1… 2 … 3 … (論據—supporting facts)?
(3). Conclusion
All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising
outweigh the harmful effects. (作者的結論。all in all起總結作用)
【模擬訓練1】 [35 MIN.]?
Some people enjoy advertisements on TV. Others say that advertisements on TV are annoying. What do you think are the reasons for the growing number of ads on TV? And what is your attitude toward ads on TV? Use specific reasons for your answer.?
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:?
A new broom sweeps clean.
新官上任三把火。
My View on Advertisements on TV
You are to write in three paragraphs.?
In the first paragraph, state your point of view.?
In the second paragraph, give specific examples for your view.?
In the last paragraph, restate your point of view.?
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.?
Your essay may be based on the outline below:?
Ⅰoduction?
TS: Nowadays advertisements are very common. ?
DS: ① … ② … ③ … (supporting fac
ts)?
Ⅱ. Body
TS: There are two reasons, I think, for the growing number of ads on TV.
DS: ① First, … Thus, … ，They … By advertising, each producer tries … ② Second, … They … ③ Consequently …
(specific reasons) ?
Ⅲ. Conclusion?
As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of / against TV ads because … But …
模擬訓練參考範文
My View on Advertisements on TV
?
Nowadays advertisements are very common. Whenever you turn on TV, you are likely to see ads. The advertisers are trying to inform you of the many different sorts of up?to?date products on the market. Besides, it often occurs while you are absorbed in watching a wonderful film on TV, endless commercials interrupt you from time to time, and make you quite annoyed.
There are two reasons, I think, for the growing number of ads on TV. First, in a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the choice of several different brands of the same product. Thus, manufacturers are confronted with a problem—how to keep their sales high enough to stay competent in the business. They solve this problem by advertising. By advertising, each producer tries to convince the consumers that its product is preferable. Second, most consumers are interested in ads. They want to get from TV ads the first?hand information about new products, which enables them to choose the one they like best. Consequently, ads increase a lot on the TV screen.?
As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of TV ads because most of them are interesting and informative. But there is no denying that some TV ads are tedious and boring. So I feel TV stations are faced with an arduous task to strengthen the control of ads, to improve their quality and to make them attractive.
二、Test 2 Bicycle·自行車
After the work is done, repose is sweet.
工作到完畢，休息感甜蜜。
(一)寫作佳句及慣用表達
1.A bicycle is really an important means of transportation in China.
在中國，自行車是一種重要的運輸工具。?
2. China is called the kingdom of bicycles.
中國被稱為自行車王國。?
3. Bicycles do not cause air or sound pollution.
自行車不造成空氣或聲音污染。?
4. Compared with cars, bicycles cause no environmental problems.
與汽車相比，自行車不造成環境問題。?
5. Bicycles save energy and parking places.
自行車節省能源和停車場所。?
6. Riding bikes to travel and appreciate the natural scenery is really a wonderful experience.
騎自行車旅行、欣賞自然風景的'確是很美妙的活動。?
7. The bicycle allows us to go anywhere nearby easily.
騎自行車可使我們很容易地到達附近的任何地方。?
8. Bikes are not very expensive on average, and almost every family can afford them.
自行車一般不貴，幾乎家家都能買得起。?
9. During the rush hours, you can often see a boiling sea of bicycles running in all directions.
在高峯期間，你可經常看見沸騰的自行車海洋湧向四面八方。?
10. Riding bikes regularly does good to your health.
經常騎自行車有益於健康。 ??
(二)寫作範文
Inventions such as the electric lamp and the television have had an important effect on our lives. Choose another invention that you think is important. Give specific reasons for your choice.
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:
Bicycle
Bicycles have become more and more popular in China. People ride bikes to their work places, to shopping areas, to schools, and so on. During the rush hours, you can often see a boiling sea of bicycles running in all directions. With the largest number of bike riders in the world, China is often referred to as the kingdom of bicycles.?
All are not friends that speak us fair.
説我們好話的未必全是朋友。
Compared with cars, bikes have many advantages. First, they are not very expensive, and almost every family can afford them. Second, they are very handy and convenient though they are not so fast as cars. With a bike, you can go anywhere you like, and you don’t have to look for a large parking place. By riding bikes, you can avoid traffic jams and thus save the time and the money for taking taxis. Third, they do not cause air or sound pollution. ?
Riding bikes does good to your health if you ride it regularly. In modern times, people are usually too busy to spare any time for physical exercise. Riding a bike to your work place regularly serves as a good way to keep yourself strong and healthy. ?
Therefore, a bicycle is really an important means of transportation in China. It has been very useful, convenient and necessary ever since it was invented. And I do believe it will still be so in the future.?
(三)學習要點
① rush hour 交通擁擠的時間，高峯時刻?
② handy 便利的;容易取得的(useful and simple to use; near and easy to reach)
③ refer to sth. /sb. 把…稱作。相當於regard sth. / sb. as?
④ serve as 起…的作用?
(四)要點提示
本文為説明文。本文首先説明自行車在中國普及的現象，然後從幾方面説明自行車的
advantages，最後總結：A bicycle is really an important means of transportation in China. 文章正文部分用列舉法(一一列舉自行車的好處)和比較對比法(與汽車相比)。關聯詞語：First, … Second, … Third, …
模擬訓練2 [35 MIN.]?
All that glitters is not gold.
發光的未必都是金子。
China is called the kingdom of bicycles because it has the largest number of bicycles in the world. What do you think of the advantages and disadvantages of bikes in China?
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:
My View on Bicycles in China
You are to write in three paragraphs.?
In the first paragraph, state the fact of popularity of bikes in China.?
In the second paragraph, tell the advantages of bikes.?
In the final paragraph, state the disadvantages and your view on it.?
Your composition may be based on the outline below:?
Ⅰ. Introduction
TS: China is called the kingdom of bicycles because … ?
DS: ① … ② … ③ … ④ … (popularity of bikes in China) ?
Ⅱ?
TS: Compared with cars, bikes have many advantages. ?
DS: First, … Second, … Third, …
Besides, … (advantages) ?
Ⅲ. Conclusion?
However, … ?
DS：① … ② … ③ … ④ … (disadvantages and your comment)
模擬訓練參考作文2
My View on Bicycles in China
China is called the kingdom of bicycles because it has the largest number of bicycles in the world. The bicycle is the most popular transportation tool in China. Wherever you go, you can see many people riding on bikes to go to work, school, do shopping, or visit friends. During the rush hour, you may see a boiling sea of bikes in all directions.?
Compared with cars, bikes have many advantages. First, they are very handy and convenient. With a bike, you can go anywhere you like, and you needn’t look for a large parking place in a crowded town. By riding bikes, you can avoid traffic jams and thus save the time. Second, they are not very expensive, and almost every family can afford them. Third, they do not cause air or sound pollution. Besides, riding bikes regularly does good to your health. In modern times, people are usually too busy to have any time for physical exercise. Riding bikes serves as a good way to keep yourself strong and healthy.?
However, bicycles also have some disadvantages. For example, they make streets crowded and are likely to cause traffic accidents. In rainy or snowy weather, riding bikes may be difficult, and fall from them may result in injury. But despite the disadvantages, the bicycle is still very useful, convenient and necessary means of transportation in China. And I do believe it will still be so in future.
三、Test 3 Books·書 ??
(一)寫作佳句及慣用表達
1.A book that remains shut is but a block. (prov.) 藏書
不讀如藏木。?
may spend our lives in reading fiction, but truth beats fiction all the time, and there has never been yet a novel so wonderful as life itself.
儘管我們一輩子看小説，但現實總是勝過小説，從來沒有哪本小説有真正的生活色彩。?
s, like friends, should be few and well chosen. (prov.)
讀書如擇友，宜少而精。?
All is well that ends well.
結果好一切都好。
4.A good book is a best friend who never turns his back upon us. (prov.)
好書如摯友，永遠不相負。?
s are the ever?burning lamps of accumulated wisdom.
—G.W. Curtis?
書籍乃儲積智慧之不滅明燈。 ——葛迪斯?
6.A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. (prov.)
好書如摯友，情誼永不渝。?
books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. —F. Bacon?
書有可淺嘗者，有可吞食者，少數則須咀嚼消化。——培根?
s are good enough in their own way, but they are a mighty bloodless substitute for life. —R.L. Stevenson?
從它們自己所發生的效用上，書籍真是夠好的東西，但它們是很強悍的、不見血的生命替代者。——史蒂文森?
e is a great deal of difference between the eager man who wants to read a book, and the tired man who wants a book to read. —G.K. Chesterton一個熱心求知者要去讀一本書，一個疲倦的人需要一本書來讀，這兩種人之間有很大的區別。 ——吉士特頓?
being very short, and the quiet hours of it few; we ought to waste none of them in reading valueless books.—John Ruskin?
生命是短暫的，而其中寂靜的時光更少，我們不應花其中的寶貴時間去讀無價值的書。 ——羅斯金?
is a good book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit. —L. M. Alcott?
好書開卷引人入勝，終卷使人獲益。 ——亞爾葛脱?
two classes of books are of universal appeal. The very best and the very worst. —F. M. Ford?
只有兩類書有廣泛的吸引力：真正最好的和最壞的。——福特?
Calamity is man’s true touchstone.
患難之中見人心。
??
(二)寫作範文?
Some people like to buy books to read. Others like to borrow books from libraries or from other people. Compare the advantages of these two ways of reading. Which do you prefer? Why??
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:?Borrowing Books or Buying Books?
Some people like to borrow books to read, while others prefer to buy books. Both ways have their advantages. ?
Borrowing books to read has two major advantages. First, you just urge yourself to finish as soon as possible the books you borrowed from a library or from other people. You will be fined if you fail to return them to the library in due t
ime, or you will lose trust if you keep books of others too long, and they will probably refuse to lend you any more books. So you have to read it desirously, forgetting your meals and sleep. On the other hand, if you buy a book, you may put it away, thinking it is yours and you don’t have to finish it quickly. Another
advantage of borrowing books enables you to read books without spending any money. In recent years, more and more books come out each year, and the prices of books keep on rising. Ordinary people cannot afford to buy so many books they want to read either for information or entertainment. In addition, often I need to read only a part of some books. It is unnecessary for me to buy them.
However, there are some kinds of books that I have to buy. The first kind is reference books such as dictionaries and encyclopedias I need to use frequently. The second kind is textbooks I need to read more carefully in order to understand well. And it is also necessary for me to buy some famous literature books like The Complete Short Stories of Mark Twain, The Old Man and the Sea, Romance of the Three Kingdoms.?
So I think books are of two kinds: books for borrowing and books for buying. I like to borrow books that I read mainly for entertainment or read a part of. And for those books like reference books, I prefer to buy. Whether to borrow or to buy books, I think, mostly depends on the kinds.
All roads lead to Rome.
條條大路通羅馬。
??
(三)學習要點
① You will be fined if you fail to return them to the library
in due time. 你如果到期不還書就會被罰款。?
② reference books 參考書，工具書?
③ encyclopedia百科全書?
Call a spade a spade.
直言不諱。
??
(四)要點提示
All that speak us fair are not friends.
説我們好話的人並非都是朋友。
本文為議論文。作者首先提出自己的觀點：Both ways have their advantages. 在正文中作者對比買書，舉出充分的論據來説明借書的好處，然後作者又説明有些書需要買。這樣，避免了使觀點絕對化，又很客觀地説明了問題。最後作者得出結論：So I think books are of two kinds: books for borrowing and books for buying. 接着又用兩句話解釋了該結論。文章觀點明確，論據充分，論證嚴密。?
本文關聯詞語使用恰當：?
表示對比：On the other hand ?
表示列舉：First，Another..., In addition(此外，引出補充論據)?
表示對比或轉折：However??
? ?
模擬訓練3?[35 MIN.]?
Fiction (such as novels and short stories) can teach us more about life than textbooks can. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.?
Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:?
Fiction Can Teach Us More?
You are to write in three parts.?
In the first part, state your opinion.?
In the second part, give specific reasons for your opinion.?
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion
with a summary.?
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
模擬訓練參考作文3
?Fiction Can Teach Us More?
Fiction, such as novels and short stories, is always considered as a way of entertainment, but as far as I am concerned, I think it is far more than a pure relaxation. It can be instructive, and it can even teach us more about life than textbooks.?
Authors of famous works are usually well?experienced. They put all their knowledge and social experience into their literary works. They create a colorful world in which we can find great quantity of treasure.?
Since fiction is primarily based on everyday life, the knowledge it includes is always close to life. It is easy to master and ready to practice. On the contrary, textbooks focus on specialized subjects and they intend to be obtuse, theoretical or abstract and therefore dull. To most ordinary people, fiction is more acceptable.?
There is no royal road to learning.
學無坦途。
Another reason why fiction is superior to textbooks lies in their imagination. Authors always create attractive characters so as to give his opinion about nature and the society as well as life. It not only provides knowledge, but also teaches us what is the right attitude toward life. For instance, we can learn from ?Gone With the Wind? how to be a strong?willed person; from Jack London, how to love life. We can be stimulated to overcome all obstacles to realize our ambitions. ?
So, fiction enables people to form their positive view of life, optimism of spirit and invincible courage. In this aspect, fiction provides us with an opportunity to learn and to practice, while textbooks barely can.
