關於高中英語語法定語從句易犯錯誤小議
一、在定語從句中加了多餘的定語。如:
1.誤:Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come.
正:Some of the boys I invited didn’t come.
譯:我邀請的男孩中有幾個沒有來。
析:應刪去them,因為從句的賓語是省略了的, who或that。
2.誤:The book that you need it is in the library.
正:The book that you need is in the library.
譯:你需要的書在圖書館裡。
析:應刪去it,因為從句的賓語是關係代詞that。
二、把定語從句謂語動詞的單、複數弄錯。如:
1.誤:Anyone who break the law will be punished.
正:Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
譯:任何違犯法律的人將被處罰。
析:應改break為breaks,因為who指anyone,是單數。
2.誤:Those who has finished may go home.
正:Those who have finished may go home.
譯:做完了的人現在可以回家。
析:應改has為have,因為who指those,是複數。
3.誤:He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school.
正:He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.
譯:他是我們學校中唯一懂法語的人。
析:應改know為knows,因為one前有the only之類限定詞,定語從句在意義上修飾的是the only one,是單數,而不是複數名詞the teachers。
4.誤:This is one of the rooms that is free now.
正:This is one of the rooms that are free now.
譯:這是目前空著的房間之一。
析:應改is為are,因為one前沒有the only之類的限定詞,定語從句在意義上修飾的是名詞複數the rooms,而不是單數one。
三、誤省略了定語從句中作主語的關係代詞。如:
1.誤:Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
正:Children who/?that eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
譯:吃糖多的孩子往往牙齒不好。
析:應加上關係代詞who或that,因為從句少主語,且主語不能省略。
2.誤:The key opens the bike is missing.
正:The key that/which opens the bike is missing.
譯:開這輛自行車的鑰匙不見了。
析:應加上關係代詞that或which,因為從句少主語,且主語不能省略。