大學聯考英語閲讀理解得分祕籍大綱
導語：在英語考試中，閲讀理解往往是決定成敗的關鍵，巧解閲讀理解中關於作者意圖、觀點、態度的問題是在閲讀理解中取勝的關鍵法寶。下面就由小編為大家介紹大學聯考英語閲讀理解得分祕籍，大家一起去學習吧！
作者觀點態度題就是指針對作者的寫作意圖、觀點態度和對事件的評價設問的閲讀理解題目。作者在文章中不僅客觀地進行敍述和説明，往往還持有某種態度，如對某一觀點或贊同或反對，或肯定或批評。因此這類題主要考查學生對作者的觀點、感情、態度、寫作目的和意圖的理解能力。
作者的觀點和態度除了直接表達外，還經常在文章中間接表達出來。考生可以通過全文的敍述，從文章的主要內容去理解作者的觀點；有時作者也會在文章中用特殊的詞彙表達自己的思想感情。同學們要從文章中的用詞、語氣或對某個細節的陳述來推斷作者的態度、觀點等。
觀點態度題的題幹形式：作者態度觀點題考查目標比較明確，題幹一般都含有according to the writer, attitude, opinion, believe, consider, regard等詞或短語。這類題目除了考查作者在整篇文章中所表現的態度和寫作意圖外，有的還考查作者對具體的某個人或事物的態度或評價。作者觀點態廈題的題幹主要有以下幾種形式：
1) What is the purpose of the text?／The purpose of the passage is to .
2) What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?
3) What's the author's attitude towards…?
4) Who are the intended readers of the passage?
5) What does the author mean by saying "…"?
6) From the…paragraph, what do you think the author wants to tell us?
作者觀點態度題的解題方法：作者的態度和立場一般分為三大類：支持、贊同、樂觀；客觀、中立；反對、批評、懷疑、悲觀。同學們除了可以通過在文中尋找帶有感情色彩的詞來判斷作者的態度外，有時還需要綜合運用一些閲讀方法，如：根據文章中與問題相關的細節做出判斷，根據作者提供的例證推斷其暗示的態度、觀點，有時還需要同學們通讀全文並把握文章的主旨，最後做出正確選擇。下面我們以2008年部分省市大學聯考題為例，具體分析作者觀點態度題的解題方法。
例1：
On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate at the street table, and lauded over my son's funny facial expressions. Gone was my father's critical(挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before?(2008年全國卷I A篇)
58. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?
A. More critical.
B. More talkative.
C. Gentle and friendly.
D. Strict and hard-working.
【解析】本題問作者對父親的看法。A．更挑剔了；B．更健談了；C．温和而友好；D．嚴厲而且勤奮。此題需要從文章的細節描寫着手找到答案。根據"Gone was my father's critical(挑剔的)air and strict rules"和"…who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around"這兩句可推知作者感覺父親不像從前那麼嚴厲、難以相處了，父親現在看起來友好而且有趣。答案選C。
例2：
People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you're wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(體育館)….
How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and a harness (保護帶) around your chest to hold you. …A beginner's wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. …The most difficult part is to control your fear….
Climbing attracts people because it's good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger. (2008年安徽卷C篇)
67. Why does the author write this passage?
A. To tell people where to find gyms.
B. To prove the basic need for climbing.
C. To encourage people to climb mountains.
D. To introduce the sport of wall climbing.
【解析】題目問作者的寫作目的，這在文章中並沒有指明，需要同學們通讀全文來把握文章大意。從全文來看，本文主要講述的是攀登運動越來越受到人們的青睞，但也需要訓練，詳盡地介紹了對身體有益的室內攀登運動。四個選項對作者寫作意圖表述如下：A．告訴人們哪裏有體育館；B．證明人們對攀登有着最基本的需求；c．鼓勵人們去登山；D．介紹室內攀登這項運動。選項A不是文章的主題；選項B在文章結尾段雖有涉及，但也算不上是主要內容；作者雖然提及了攀登的好處，但並未明確鼓勵人們參與此項運動，因此C不正確。答案為D。
例3：
The number of married women who want to continue working increases rapidly because they enjoy their jobs. However, if they want to have children, they immediately have serious problems. Though most companies allow women to leave their jobs for a short time to have a baby, they expect women with babies to give up their jobs. In short, if they want to bring up children properly, both parents have to work, but it is hard for mothers to work. Indeed, women who want to continue working have to choose between having children or keeping their jobs.
In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possible. (2008年安徽卷E篇)
75. The writer seems to believe that Asian governments should .
A. let women stay at home and have a baby
B. allow one of the parents to go out to work
C. care for the growing needs of women for jobs
D. punish the companies that permit women to leave
【解析】題目問作者在亞洲政府對女性就業這一問題上給出了什麼建議。A．讓女性迴歸家庭生兒育女；B．允許父母中的一個外出工作；C．對女性在工作方面的需求多加關注；D．懲罰那些允許女性離職的公司。根據第一段最後一句話"Indeed, women who…or keeping their jobs"及最後一段可知女性所面臨的實際困難，所以亞洲各國政府應該採取一些措施改變這一現狀來避免出現更多的DINK家庭，而最有效的措施是C項。
例4：
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around. And judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my opinion. (2008年浙江卷D篇)
54. What was the writer's attitude towards jogging in the beginning?
A. He felt it was worth a try.
B. He was very fond of it.
C. He was strongly against it.
D. He thought it must be painful.
【解析】本段講述了作者通過親自參加jogging(慢跑)鍛鍊，體會到jogging並不像人們想象中的那麼好，他認為自己的.鍛鍊方式也可以達到健身的目的。題目問作者起初對慢跑的看法如何。A．他認為值得一試；B．他非常喜歡這項運動；C．他極力反對這項運動；D．他認為這項運動非常痛苦。從"I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could."和"So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more."兩句，我們可以看出作者起初對慢跑並無排斥心理，而且認為值得一試，A項較符合作者的態度。
例5：
It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us had reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence(青春期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria. (2008年天津卷E篇)
55. How does the author feel about his childhood?
A. Happy but short.
B. Lonely but memorable.
C. Boring and meaningless.
D. Long and unforgettable.
【解析】題目問作者如何評價自己的童年。A．快樂卻短暫；B．孤單卻值得回憶；C．乏味、無趣；D．漫長而又難忘。根據"It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end."和 下句"In March…,"以及下句"…and all of a sudden it occurred to a11 three of us…high school cafeteria"可以看出作者是在慨歎童年時光快樂卻短暫。答案選A。
大學聯考閲讀理解設題越來越靈活。題目難度也逐年增加，作者的態度觀點已不僅僅侷限在"是與非"、"支持與反對"、"樂觀與悲觀"的選擇上，而是加入了更多對文章細節和主旨大意理解的要求。解答這類題的時候，同學們要注意題目的提問方法是否有明確的針對性。即是針對文章中的一部分進行設題。還是對全文的寫作目的或意圖進行考查。結合多種閲讀技巧有助於同學們做出正確選擇。
