定語從句關係副詞講解

定語從句關係副詞講解：

■when的用法

關係副詞when在定語從句中用作狀語，表示時間，用以修飾表示時間的先行詞；在許多情況下可以理解為“介詞+which”的意思(which的意思與先行詞所表示的意思等價)，其中的“介詞”通常應根據先行詞的含與搭配來確定。如：

1988 was the year when he was born. 1988是他的出生年。

句中的when he was born為修飾the year的定語從句，關係副詞when在此相當於in which。表示在某一年，英語習慣上用介詞in，如in 1988, in 2008等，所以此處用in which。

I’ll never forget the day when I first met you. 我永遠不會忘記第一次見你的那天。

句中的when I first met you為修飾the day的定語從句，關係副詞when在此相當於on which。表示在某一天，英語習慣上用介詞on，如on that day, on Friday等，所以此處用on which。

Don’t forget the time when the wedding will start. 不要忘記婚禮開始的時間。

句中的when the wedding will start為修飾the time的定語從句，關係副詞when在此相當於at which。表示在某一時刻，英語習慣上用介詞at，如at that time, at the moment等，所以此處用at which。

■where的用法

關係副詞where在定語從句中也是用作狀語，表示地點，用以修飾表示地點的先行詞；在許多情況下也可以理解為“介詞+which”的意思(which的意思與先行詞所表示的意思等價)，其中的“介詞”通常應根據先行詞的含與搭配來確定。如：

What is the name of the town where you live? 你住的那個城市叫什麼名字?

句中的where you live為修飾the town的定語從句，關係副詞where在此相當於in which。表示住在某城市，英語習慣上説 live in a city，所以此處用 in which。

This cross marks the spot where she died. 這個十字符號標明她死去的`地點。

句中的 where she died 為修飾 the spot 的定語從句，關係副詞 where 在此相當於 at which。表示在某一地點，英語習慣上説 at a spot，所以此處用 at which。

■why的用法

關係副詞why在定語從句中也是用作狀語，表示原因；why引導定語從句時，其先行詞只有一個，那就是the reason；在許多情況下why也可以理解為for which。如：

These are the reasons why we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。

句中的why we do it為修飾the reason的定語從句，關係副詞why在此相當於for which。

Do you know the reason why she doesn’t like me? 你知道她不喜歡我的原因嗎?

句中的why she doesn’t like me為修飾the reason的定語從句，關係副詞why在此相當於for which。

why是一個比較特殊的關係副詞，它引導定語從句時，除可換成for which外，有時也可換成that，甚至省略。如：

他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。

正：The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.

正：The main reason for which he lost his job was that he drank.

正：The main reason that he lost his job was that he drank.

正：The main reason he lost his job was that he drank.

　定語從句關係副詞考點整理：

關係副詞有when, where, why三個，在定語從句中一般作狀語；how不能作關係副詞。

考點1.關係副詞在定語從句中常作狀語

1.【2015陝西】As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time______he should be able to be

2.【2009重慶】Life is like a long race ______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where

3.【2012浙江】Welive in an age______more information is available with great ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which

4.【2013四川】Nowadays people are more concerned about theenvironment______they live.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. where

考點 way作先行詞

首先要確定the way在定語從句中作什麼成分。如果the way在定語從句中作主語或賓語，要選用關係代詞。

①I don’t like the way ______ will cost too much money.

②The way ______ he thought of to solve the problem was not practical.

在句①中，the way在定語從句中作主語，因此要填關係代詞that/which。在句②中，the way在定語從句中作賓語，因此也要用關係代詞：that/which/省略。

如果the way在定語從句中作狀語(定語從句還原後是in the way)，關係詞用下面三種情況的任一種：in which；that；省略。

The way ______ he answered the question was surprising.A. howB. thatC. in whichD./ E. B/C/D

定語從句恢復為完整的一句話後為：He answered the question in the the way在定語從句中作狀語，因此選E。

is not the way ______ I do it.A./B. whichC. for whichD. with which

is the only way______you can find.A. thatB./C. in which D. A, B and CE. A and B

7.I don’t like the way______he spoke to his mother.A. thatB./C. in whichD. A, B and C

考點ation, case, point, business等作先行詞，關係副詞常用where

8.【2009浙江】I have reached a point in my life______I am supposed to make decisions of my

9.【2003上海】I can think of many cases______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where

10.【2008江西】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers______consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which

11.【2004湖南】I work in a business______almost everyone is waitingfora great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that

12.【2009福建】It’s helpful to put children in a situation______they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where

考點sion(時機)作先行詞時關係副詞用when

It was a rare -indeed unique occasion when I was able to put Ritchie right.

考點引導非限制性定語從句

was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,______for the firsttimein years their team won the world cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when

rainbow can’t be seen at noon,______the sun is high inthesky.A. whileB. whenC. soD. that

ayedin the garden till sunset,______it began to

I.單句改錯

1.【2006安徽】Most public libraries also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers,magazinesand other books, but you are not permittedto take them out.

’rejusttrying to reach a pointwhichboth sides will sit down together and talk.

e are some reasons for they do this.

4.I hope I can be admitted to a good college, which I will have a chance to improve my English further.

II.語法填空（每空至多填三詞）

5.【2014上海】After graduation from university,Ihad been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, ______Imight have a better chance to find a good job.

6.【2013福建】As students, there are many waysin_____you can serve thecommunity.

7.【2008湖北】The cityIgrew upis very hot and damp in summer.

8.【2015天津】The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere______his employeesenjoy their work.

III.寫作技能提升

9.現在我們已經到了一個對我們未來非常重要的時刻，我們應當全身心地學習。（point, be critical to, suppose, devote…to）

10.有許多案例，學生課堂不聽講，最後以輟學告終。（case, drop out of）

11.一方面，我欽佩他的才能，但另一方面，我不喜歡他對待別人那種方式。（gift, the way, treat）

12.我英語差的原因是我對英語不感興趣。（the reason, be interested in）

13.正常情況下，我們10點到家，這時大多數人已經睡着了。（normally, go to sleep）