怎樣講定語從句

來源:文萃谷 1.88W
  怎樣講定語從句

  1. 關係代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞

怎樣講定語從句

句子成分 用於限制從句或非限制性從句 只用於限制性從句

代替人 代替物 代替人或物

主語 Who which that

主語 Whom which that

賓語 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)

例1:This is the detective who came from London.

例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

  2.關係代詞的用法

(1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞,關係代詞一般只用that,不用which。例如:

All the people that are present burst into tears.

(2) 如果先等詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾,關係代詞常用that,不用which, who,或whom。例如:

(3) 非限制性定語從句中,不能用關係代詞that,作賓語用的關係代詞也不能省略。

3. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它們在從句中作主語或賓語,that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關係詞,which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且,如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語,注意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關係代詞which的前邊,但有的則放在它原來的位置

4. which作賓語:,根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關係,先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟

 5. 代表物時多用which:但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which,這些詞包括all, anything, much等,這時的that常被省略

6. who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人:分別作從句中的主語和賓語,whom作賓語時,要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的.賓語

 7. where是關係副詞:用來表示地點的定語從句

  8. when引導定語從句表示時間

〔注〕值得一提的是,表示時間“time"一詞的定語從句只用when引導,有時不用任何關係代詞,當然也不用that引導

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.

I still remember the first time I met her.

Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.

9. whose是關係代詞:修飾名詞作定語,相當於所修飾成分的前置所有格

  10. 當從句的邏輯主語:some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用there is來引導

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