sat考試必背的高頻詞彙有哪些

在sat考試的備考過程中，考生很有必要準備一些必背的高頻詞彙。下面本站小編將為你推薦sat考試中必背的一些高頻詞彙的內容，希望能夠幫到你!

add，plus加

subtract減

difference差

multiply， times乘

product積

divide除

divisible可被整除的

divided evenly被整除

dividend被除數

divisor因子，除數

quotient商

remainder餘數

factorial階乘

power乘方

radical sign，root sign根號

round to四捨五入

to the nearest四捨五入

proper fraction真分數

improper fraction假分數

mixed number帶分數

vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分數

simple fraction簡分數

complex fraction繁分數

numerator分子

denominator分母

(least)common denominator(最小)公分母

quarter四分之一

decimal fraction純小數

infinite decimal無窮小數

recurring decimal循環小數

tenths unit十分位

Saprophytes(腐生植物)

See decomposers.

Segregation(隔離)

Mendel’s conclusion that individuals have two copies of each gene, and that these copies separate randomly during gamete formation, one copy per gamete. This law is true except for genes on sex chromosomes in males, who have only one copy of each such gene. It is often called Mendel’s first law.

semicircular canal(半規管)

Fluid-filled structure within the ear that can detect balance.

Sepal(萼片)

Green, leaflike structure that encloses and protects the unopened flower bud.

sex cells(配子細胞)

See gamete.

sex chromosome(性染色體)

Refers to a chromosome involved in defining the sex of an individual. Humans have two sex chromosomes and 44 autosomes. In females, both sex chromosomes are X chromosomes. Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.

sex-linked(與性染色體有關的)

Refers to a gene located on a sex chromosome or to a trait defined by such a gene. Such traits will appear with different frequencies in males and females, and males and females will differ in their ability to transmit the trait to their offspring. In order for a recessive sex-linked trait such as hemophilia or color blindness to manifest in the phenotype of a woman, it must be inherited from both mother and father; such diseases will be present in the phenotype of a man if he inherits it just from his mother.

somatic cell(體細胞)

Any plant or animal cell that is not a germ cell, meaning it is not passed down to offspring. The class of cell formed during mitosis.

somatic nervous system(體神經系統)

One half of the motor system of the peripheral nervous system. Responsible for voluntary, or conscious, movement. Neurons in this system target skeletal muscles and release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Speciation(物種形成)

The development of a species through evolution. A species forms when its members become reproductively isolated from all other organisms. Speciation can occur through geographic separation that eliminates gene flow or through adaptive radiation.

Species(種)

A group of organisms defined by their ability to interbreed with only each other.

Sperm(精子)

The male gamete in sexual reproduction.

Spermatogenesis(精子發生)

The process in which haploid sperm cells form through meiotic division.

spinal cord(脊髓神經)

A long cylinder of nervous tissue that extends along the vertebral column from the head to the lower back. It controls some autonomic responses and connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system.

Spores(孢子)

Usually unicellular and microscopic, spores are produced by protist molds, fungi, and plants and are able to develop into new individuals. Spores are able to survive without food or water for long periods. Most fungi spend part of their life cycle as hyphae and part as spores.

Sporophyte(孢子體)

A diploid plant or plant structure that produces haploid spores through meiosis.

stabilizing selection(穩定選擇)

When selection pressures favor the average form of a trait.

Stamen(雄蕊)

The male reproductive organ of the flower, consisting of an anther and filament.

Stigma(柱頭)

The top part of the pistil, where pollen grains are received.

Stomata(氣孔)

Small epidermal pores, surrounded by two guard cells, through which gases diffuse and water transpires in and out of a leaf.