小升中英語試卷知識總結
1、字母
1) 字母：(大小寫)辨認、書寫順序 : Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz.
2)元音字母：A a , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu
字母音素表：
Aa Hh Jj Kk Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv Ii Yy
Oo Uu Qq Ww Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz Rr
3)書寫容易錯誤的字母：E , F , G, M, N, d, i, p, q, x, y.
4)字母代表的專有名詞：BBC, NBA, UN, UK，ABC，USA, am, pm, kg, cm, 等。
2、數字：基數詞和序數詞的運用，如計算、購物、詢問時間等.
基數詞: One, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten , eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen… twenty, twenty-one… thirty, forty, fifty… eighty, ninety, one/a hundred , one/a hundred and one… two hundred.
序數詞: first , second , third , fourth , fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth… twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-four…thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth… eightieth, ninetieth…
相關句型:
1) What’s thirty plus forty? It’s seventy.
2) What’s your telephone number? My telephone number is 83555723.
3) What time is it ? It’s half past ten.
What’s the time? It’s ten thirty.
4) When do you usually get up ? At six thirty-five.
5) How old are you? I’m twelve.
6) How much is it / are they ? It ‘s / They’re 50 yuan.
7) How many cars do you have ? I have 6 cars.
8) How many birds can you see in the tree? I can see 3.
9) How many dolls are there on the bed? There is one/a doll.
10) How many dolls are there on the bed? There are four dolls.
11) Which floor do you live on? I live on the fifth floor.
12) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the History Museum?
Yes, go down this street, then turn left at the third crossing….
13) Who’s the fifth girl from the right? She’s my cousin.
14)When’s your birthday? It’s on the ninth of April.
注意： 數詞的應用; 不可數名詞及它的量的表示方法;many與much在用法上的區別;some 和 any在用法上的區別;there is/are與have/has在用法上的區別.
3、顏色：實物的顏色
colours: red, yellow, brown, blue, orange, black, white, grey, (pink) (purple) (golden) (dark blue) (light blue).
相關句型:
1) What colour is your coat? It’s ...
What colour are…? They’re…
2) What’s your favourite colour? My favourite colour is …
3)What colour do you like best?
4、時間：年、季節、月、星期、日、時刻
year, season( spring, summer, autumn, winter) ,
month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September,
October, November, December.
Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)
Time: (an) hour, minute, second
10:05 (five past ten, ten o five)
10:10 (ten past ten, ten ten)
10:15 (a quarter past ten, ten fifteen)
10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty)
10:45 (a quarter to eleven, ten forty-five)
11:00 (eleven o’clock)
相關句型:
1) How old is your mother? She’s thirty-six years old.
2) How many months are there in a year? There are 12.
3) When’s your birthday? My birthday is on 15th January ( the fifteenth of January).
4) When do you get up? I get up at six o’clock.
5) When’s spring in China? It’s in March, April and May.
When does spring last? It lasts for 3 months from March to May.
6) What time is it? It’s a quarter to nine.
5、食品、飲料、水果：人對食品、飲料和水果的喜好;東西方食品
food : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, hamburger, biscuit, sandwich, pie, noodles, dumpling, mooncake, ice-cream, hot dog…
drinks : water, milk ,orange juice , coffee, tea, soft drinks …
fruits: apple, orange, banana, grape, pineapple, mango, lemon, watermelon,peach, strawberry
相關句型:
1) Would you like something to drink/eat? Yes, I’d like some…No, thanks .
2) Would you like to eat/drink…? I’d like to eat/drink…No, thanks .
3) What’s your favourite food/drink/fruit? My favourite food/drink/fruit is …
4) Could I have some…? Yes, please .
6、服裝：服裝的顏色:人對服裝的喜好;某人的穿戴; 所屬關係
clothes: hat, cap, coat, shirt , T-shirt, skirt, dress, sweater, jacket, trousers, socks, shoe,jeans, shorts,blouse, tie, costume,belt, gloves, scarf
put on(wear) / take off
所屬關係: 形容詞性的物主代詞:my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
名詞性的物主代詞: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours,theirs
相關句型:
1) Whose shoes are these? They’re mine. They’re Tom’s .
2) Is this /that/it your book? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
3) Is this pencil yours? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
4) Are these /those/they your coats and trousers? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
5) Are those clothes theirs? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
6) This is my hat. That hat is his.
注意： 名詞單，複數;物主代詞(名詞性的物主代詞，形容詞性的物主代詞);名詞所有格，如：Tom’s , my father’s , the teachers’.
7、玩具和文具：特點、顏色、所屬關係;存在的.位置
Toys: doll, toy, puppet, puzzle, balloon, mask , yo-yo, kite…
文具: desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, chair, ball,rubber, sharpener,
stapler, crayon, copybook, bookmark, notebook, ….
存在的位置 : in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, at the back of , in the front of , in the middle of, between, in the center of … ).
相關句型:
1) There is a cup of tea on the table.
2) There are some oranges in the fridge.
3) Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.
4) Are there any oranges in the fridge? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.
5) What’s under the desk? There is an orange . / There are some oranges.
8、日常生活用品：特點、顏色、形狀、所屬關係;存在的位置
words: table, clock, brush, telephone, light, computer, fridge, glass, knife,
bottle, box, plate, photo, fax, radio, purse, fan, tape, cup, watch, bookcase,
bed, fork, basket, umbrella, TV, spoon, cupboard, bowl, telephone, sofa, lamp…
特點: big, small, heavy, light, white, black, old, new, beautiful, cute, tall, short, strong, nice, good, bad, lovely…
形狀：shape ,star, rectangle, diamond ,triangle ,square ,circle
相關句型：
1)This is a new table. / This table is new.
2)That’s a nice telephone. / That telephone is new .
3) These are forks . Those are spoons .
4) What shape is the table ? It’s an oval /a rectangle /square …
9、動物：家畜、家禽;農場動物、動物園及野生動物的特點;生活地點和所屬關係
words(animals): cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice), bear, elephant, grasshopper, ant, butterfly…
生活地點：at home, on a farm, in /at a zoo …
相關句型：What animal do you like best ?描述動物特點
10、植物：特點、所屬關係;存在的位置
words: tree, grass,flower, leaf (leaves) …
11、環境與建築：特點、所屬關係;存在的位置
buildings: hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank,
police station, train station, airport, shop center, supermarket, theatre, snackbar,
restaurant, countryside, school, classroom, computer room, toilet, music
room, house: bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen, garden…
房子的基本構造： door, gate, wall, window, floor…
相關句型:
1) Where do you study at/ in ? I study at Nan Changjie Primary School.
2) Where does your mother work at/ in ? She works at a hospital.
3) Let’s meet at the gate of the park.
4) My brother is playing in the garden.
12、身體：特點
body: head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, shoulder, hand, finger,foot(feet) ,toe…
外貌: fat, thin, tall, short, strong, beautiful, nice, old, young, round face, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair ,white hair…形容詞比較級
相關句型:
1) I’m /You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re /They’re (not) tall.
2) Is he/she tall or short? He’s /She’s tall (short).
3) I’m taller than…/ I’m as old as…/ My hair is longer than…/
4) I/We/They/You have (got) black hair.
5) He/She has ( got ) a round face.
6) Does he/ she have…?Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn’t.
7)Has he/she got long hair ? Yes, he/she , he/she hasn’t.
注意：描述人的外貌時，have與has用法上的區別; 形容原級和比較級詞的用法，如 :tall, short, old, young, black , long…
13、個人情況：姓名、年齡、地址、特點與愛好
age, year, address, e-mail address, hobby,
hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming… doing sth.副詞原級和比較級的用法
相關句型:
1) How old are you ? I’m thirteen years old.
2) I’m a thirteen-year old boy.
3) What’s your address? I live at No.48 Renmin Road.
4) What’s your e-mail address? My e-mail address is .
5) What’s your hobby? My hobby is going running. Or : I like going running.
6) I /You/ They like music.
7) He likes traveling.
8) Do you like reading? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
9) Does he /she like playing basketball? Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn’t.
10)Does he jump high? Yes. Does he jump higher than…
注意： 描述個人的喜好時：名詞和動詞- ing 形式作賓語; 主語是第三人稱單數時一般現在時動詞的變化。
動詞ing的變化規律：
1)直接加ing ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, …
2)去掉詞尾不發音的e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, …
3)重讀閉音節的，雙寫最後的字母，加 ing , 如： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, stop-stopping, jog-jogging…
主語是第三人稱單數時一般現在時動詞的變化規律(與名詞變複數規律類似)：
1) 直接加s， 如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes,…
2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 結尾+es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, …
3)輔音字母加y結尾，把y改為i ，+es， 如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carries, …
4)特殊：have-has, …
14、家庭、親屬和朋友：姓名、年齡、地址、特點與愛好：與你的關係
words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend,grandparents
相關句型:
1) Is he/she Tom’s cousin? Yes, he/she , he/she isn’t.
2) Who’s he/she? He’s/She’s my friend.
3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they?
There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.
注意：
名詞單數--複數規律:
1)直接加s， 如： boy-boys, term-terms,
2) 以o, x, s, sh, ch 結尾+es , 如: box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, watch-watches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, match-matches, mango-mangoes
3) 輔音字母加y結尾，把y改為i ，+es， 如：library-libraries, story-stories, strawberry-strawberries,
4) 以f或fe結尾，把f或fe，改為v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, …
5) 特殊: man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, tooth-teeth, foot-feet,
6) 不變: people, fish, sheep, …
名詞所有格，表明是誰的 如： my cousin’s , his parents’
它的構成規則： 單數名詞後+ ’s， Mike’s mother.
複數名詞詞尾有，其後只+ ’，Teachers’ Day教師節.
若是兩人共有時，只在後者+ ’s ,
Jim and Tom’s mother.吉姆和湯姆的母親。
不是兩者所共有的，兩者都+ ’s ,
Jim’s and Tom’s mothers.吉姆母親和湯姆的母親。
名詞若是無生命，所有格構成用of,
a map of China.一幅中國地圖
15、學校：學校建築和學校生活
words: school building, classroom, music room, computer room, playground,library…
subjects: Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art,
相關句型:
1) What’s your favourite subject? English.
2) Where’s the library? It’s on the second floor, behind the TV room.
3) When do you go to school? At 7:20.
4) When does Chinese begin on Monday? At eight ten.
5) How many …lessons do you have in a week? We have…
6) What lessons do you have in the morning/ afternoon? We have…
7) We’re having an English class.
16、社交禮儀：禮貌用語;詢問與應答
1)Greetings: Hello! Hi! Good morning/afternoon/evening.
How are you ? Fine, thanks. And you? Not bad. /Not so good.
Please say hello to your parents for me.
2) Introduction: My name is … I’m astudent. I’m new here.
This is Mr/Mrs/Miss White.
Hello, nice to meet you .
3)Farewells: Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye.
See you later/tomorrow.
Good night.
It’s late. I must go home now.
4) Thanks: Thank you (very much)’re welcome. Not at all.
5) Apologies: Sorry. I’m sorry. That’s all right. Excuse me.
6)Invitation: Will you go shopping with me?
Would you like to go ? I’d love to . Thank you.
7)Asking for permission: May I have an apple ?
Could /Can I use your bike? Sure. Certainly. Yes, of course. Yes, do please.
8)Expressing wishes: Happy birthday! Thank you.
9) Offering help: Can I help you? What can I do for you?
10) Making appointments: Are you free tomorrow? What about tomorrow afternoon?
Let’s meet at the gate at 7:50.
Shall we visit the museum?
11) Making a telephone call: Hello! May I speak to Kate? Speaking/It’s Kate here. Who’s this/that, please ? This is…
12) Taking meals: Would you like something to eat/drink?
Would you like some fish/meat?
13)Shopping : Can I help you ,sir?
What can I do for you, sir ?
What about this one?
Do you like this one?
I want /I’d like some oranges.
How much is the shirt /are the socks?
It’s too small. Two kilos, please .
I’ll take it.
14) Asking the way: Excuse me. Where is the City Library?
Can/Could/ Would you tell / show me the way to the Garden Hotel, please?
How can I get to…?
Can I take this bus to Beijing Road?
Is there a hotel near here? It’s over there. Turn right/left… Go along/ down…
17、國家與城市：地理位置;特點
Countries: China, Japan, America (the USA), England( the UK), Australia, France,
Nationalities: Chinese, Japanese, American, English /British, Australian, French,
相關句型:
1)Where does your friend come from? She comes from the UK.
2) Where are they from? They’re from Japan.
3)What country do they come from? France.
4) What language does she speak? She speaks French.
5) What language do they speak? They speak Chinese.
18、天氣：氣候特徵
weather : hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, light rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, light snow , snowy, cloud, cloudy…
temperature: 15 ( fifteen degrees centigrade), 0 (zero degree centigrade), -5 (minus degrees centigrade)…
相關句型:
1) What’s the weather like in spring? It’s warm, rainy and windy.
2)Does it often rain in spring there? Yes, it does.
3) Is it snowing? Yes, it is a snowy day.
4) Which season do you like best? Why? I like… Because…
5) In autumn, the days get shorter and the nights get shorter.
6)In summer, the days are long and nights are short.
19、節日：節日的特點;節日的活動
festivals : New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Women’s Day, Easter, May Day, Mother’s Day,
Children’s Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Father’s Day, Mid-Autumn Festival, Teachers’ Day , National Day, Halloween, Thanks Giving Day, Christmas Day.
New Year’s Day: 1st January.
Spring Festival: It’s the Chinese New Year. It’s the first day of the Chinese year. It’s a very special festival for all Chinese people. It is usually at the end of January or the beginning of February /in late January or early February. The children can get lucky money.
Women’s Day: It’s on 8th March.
Easter: in March or April
Mother’s Day: on the second Sunday of May.
Dragon Boat Festival: in June or July
Children’s Day: on June 1st.
Father’s Day: on the third Sunday in June.
Mid-Autumn Festival: in September or October In China , people eat special cakes calls moon cakes and watch the full moon.
Teachers’ Day: on 10th September.
National Day: in China, it’s at the beginning of October.
Halloween: on 31st October.
Thanks Giving Day: the last Thursday in November, it’s an American festival.
Christmas Day: December 25th.
20、正在發生的事情：現在進行的動作和發生的事 be doing something
1) I’m/You’re/He’s /She’s /We’re/They’re (not) working.
2) Are you playing football? Yes, I am/we are.
3) Is he/she taking exercise? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t.
4) Are they going shopping? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
5) What are you doing? I’m/We’re cleaning the room.
6) What’s he/she doing? He’s/She’s having supper.
7) What are they doing? They’re reading.
21、日常生活：日常生活、工作、學習的活動 daily routine
get up brush one’s teeth, wash one’s face, make breakfast , have breakfast, go to school/work, do morning exercises, have classes, play basketball, play football, run ,jump, go home, have lunch, have supper, do one’s homework, watch TV, do some reading, go to bed
1) What time do you get up? I usually get up at 6 o’clock.
2) Nancy often watches TV in the evening.
3) My brother is always late for school..
22、發生過的動作、結束的狀態：一般過去式
規則動詞過去式：在動詞末尾加ed
直接加ed，如：pull-pulled, wash-washed, look- looked…
以不發音的e結尾，加d，如：dance-danced, skate-skated
以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞，將y改成i再加ed，carry-carried, study-studied
重讀閉音節結尾，雙寫末尾輔音字母再加ed，如：stop-stopped
不規則動詞的過去式須要記憶
相關句型：
There was a mobile phone on the desk just now. It isn’t there now.
Were there any fruit trees on the farm? Yes, there were./ No, there weren’t.
Where are the films? They were in the bag a moment ago.
Wang Bing wasn’t in the classroom just now, but he is here now.
I/ You/ He/ She/ We/ They watched a film last Sunday.
I/ You/ He/ She/ We/ They didn’t watch a film last Sunday.
Did you/ he/ she/ they go to the park last Saturday?
Yes, I/ he/ she/ they did. No, I/ he/ she/ they didn’t.
What did you/ he /she/ they do yesterday?
I / He/ She/They played football.
23、計劃與打算：計劃和將要進行的動作和發生的事 be going to do …/will do sth.
1) I’m/You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re/They’re (not) going to visit the museum.
2) Are you going to swim? Yes, I am/we are. No, I’m not/we aren’t.
3) Is he/she going to see Miss Wang? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t.
4) What are you going to do tomorrow? I’m /We’re going to visit the farm.
5) I/You/He/She/They/We will go skiing.
6) Are you going to be busy tomorrow? Yes, I am/we are.
24、祈使句：表示命令、請求、建議等。
和表示公共標誌的短語整合教學
Show me your stamps, please.
Let’s go to school./ Let Helen do it.
Don’t open the window. It’s cold outside.
Don’t let Helen do it. Let Helen not do it.
25、情態動詞：表示能力和可能，必須應該做的事。
1)I/You/He/She/We/They can(can’t) play the piano.
2)Can he/she ski? Yes, he/she can. No, he/she can’t.
3) What can you/ he/she/ they do? I/ He/She/They can make model planes.
4)It’s can /can’t go home.
5)Can they go by bus? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.
6)May I visit the museum this afternoon? Yes, of course /Sure/Certainly.
7)May I sit here? Yes, of course/please do.
8)Can I watch TV? No, you must do your homework.
9) We should be quiet in the library.
10)I/He/She/We/You/ They shouldn’t eat or drink in class.
注意: 情態動詞的用法, can ,may, must, should +do (動詞原形).
表示病痛、疾病類詞語：toothache, earache, backache, stomachache, headache, cough, fever, cold
相關句型：
What’s the matter/wrong with you?
I’ve got a cold….
Do you take medicine?
You mustn’t go to school.
You should stay in bed.
You should have a lot of rest and drink more water
You’ll get better soon.
