歷年託福聽力真題精選

　　Conversation 1

女生想加入爵士樂隊，儘管專業是其他但音樂是愛好，想繼續保持。但教授的team已經不缺人了，教授建議她自己多關於Website，學生band會更新信息。

-TPO部分對應參考(社團生活TPO11-C1/TPO15-C1/TPO26-C1)

-TPO對應詞彙

校內工作，課外活動

及尋找經濟援助：

Letterof reference/recommendation

Competitive

Benefitfuture career

Fieldresearch

Collectdata for papers

Waiter,waitress，Babysitter

Workat the library

Qualification資格,qualified 合格的

Resume,CV

financialaid經濟援助

ScholarshipFellowship

Teachingassistantship 助教獎學金

Researchassistantship 研究獎學金

Grant助學金

Loan 貸款

Need-based以需求為基礎

Merit-based以優秀為基礎

Studentunion 學生會

Clubs俱樂部

Membership成員資格

Careerservice

　　Lecture 1

自然科學類。講矮行星是如何形成的，與行星的區別。一個是ejection theory，跟gravity的原因有關。第二個就是吸收的material無法發光，屏幕給了這兩個theory的名詞提醒。

-TPO部分對應參考(天文學TPO18-L1/TPO24-L4/T13-L4)

　　-參考背景

Sufficient internal pressure, caused by the body's gravitation, will turn abody plastic, andsufficient plasticity will allow high elevations to sink and hollows to fillin, a process known as gravitational relaxation. Bodies smaller than a fewkilometers are dominated by non-gravitational forces and tend to have anirregular shape. The Saturnian moon Methone, at around 3 km in diameter, is a roundedbut tidally elongated egg-shape. Larger objects, where gravitation issignificant but not dominant, are "potato" shaped; the more massivethe body is, the higher its internal pressure and the more rounded its shape,until the pressure is sufficient to overcome its internal compressive strength and it achieves hydrostatic equilibrium. At this point a body is as round as it is possible to be, given itsrotation and tidal effects, and is an ellipsoid in shape. This is the defining limit of a dwarf planet.

When an object is in hydrostatic equilibrium, a global layer of liquidcovering its surface would form a liquid surface of the same shape as the body,apart from small-scale surface features such as craters and fissures. If thebody does not rotate, it will be a sphere, but the faster it does rotate, themore oblate or even scalene it becomes. However, if such a rotating body were to be heated until itmelted, its overall shape would not change when liquid. The extreme example ofa non-spherical body in hydrostatic equilibrium is Haumea, whichis twice as long along its major axis as it is at the poles. If the body has amassive nearby companion, then tidal forces come into effect as well,distorting it into a prolate spheroid. An example of this is Jupiter's moon Io, which is the most volcanically active bodyin the Solar System due to effects of tidal heating. Tidal forces also cause a body's rotationto gradually become tidally locked, such that it always presents the same faceto its companion. An extreme example of this is the Pluto–Charon system, whereboth bodies are tidally locked to each other. Earth's Moon is also tidally locked, as are many satellites of the gas giants.

　　Lecture 2