2016年雅思詞彙:冬奧會的冰雪項目
2022年的冬奧會將在中國舉行，小編就為大家提供一些關於冬奧會的`專有名詞，希望對大家有所幫助!
冰上項目5個大項：
速度滑冰 Speed skating
【Speed skating】 is a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distanceon skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to asjust "speed skating", while short-track speed skating is known as "short track". The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as "speed skating" and short track as"short track skating".
短道速滑 Short Track
【Short track】 speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speedskating, however, dates back to 13th century Holland.
Short track speed skating originated in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By the 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia.
While short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, itwasn't until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.
花樣滑冰 Figure Skating
【Figure skating】 is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figureskates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition,skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements ormoves.
冰球 Ice Hockey
【Ice hockey】 is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams ofskaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying totake the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.
冰壺 Curling
【Curling】 is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams,each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called rocks, acrossthe ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eightstones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game; points are scored for thestones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.
雪上項目10個大項：
冬季兩項 Biathlon
越野滑雪 Cross Country
高山滑雪 Alphine Skiing
北歐兩項 Nordic Combined
跳台滑雪 Ski Jumping
自由式滑雪 Freestyle Skiing
單板滑雪 Snowboarding
有舵雪橇 Bobsled*
俯式冰橇 Skeleton**
無舵雪橇 Luge
* 有舵雪橇，也有的翻譯成“雪車”
** 俯式冰橇，也有的翻譯成“鋼架雪車”
速降 downhill
