2015年職稱英語考試理工類完形填空測試題 第2期
2015年職稱英語考試理工類完形填空測試題 第2期
The Difference between Man and Computer
What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet (1) ______ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) ______they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand， don't. In fact，computers don't (3) ______ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) ______is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a "purpose".
Of course ，people have several goals that do not make (5) ______ to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6) ______order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) ______a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.
However ，these physiological and social goals give (8) ______to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find (9) ______ about the name of a restaurant which (10) ______ the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) ______ information or knowledge, what we are calling (12) ______ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer (13) ______ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so (14) ______ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) ______out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.
詞彙:
element / 'elim?nt / n. 元素，成分，要素
intellectual /,intil'ekt?u?l/ adj. 智力的，聰明的
entertainment /,ent?'teinm?nt/ n. 娛樂，消遣
physiological /,fizi?'l?d?ik?l/ adj. 生理學的，生理的
cognitive / 'k?gnitiv / adj. 認知的，認識上的
註釋:
1. ... attribute to computers ... :……把……歸於電腦，歸屬於電腦……
2. ... in the case of computer ... :……對於電腦來説……
練習:
1. A) express B) explain C) account D) count
2. A) why B) how C) what D) when
3. A) once B) even C) ever D) often
4. A) program B) instruction C) system D) function
5. A). success B) sense C) scene D) point
6. A) of B) or C) in D) and
7. A) find B) search C) look D) watch
8. A) way B) play C) rise D) birth
9. A) place B) food C)reference D)information
10. A) orders B) sells C)supports D) serves
11. A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult
12. A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness
13. A) could B) might C)should D) would
14. A) as B) on C)by D) in
15. A) arise B) rise C)consent D) derive
答案和講解:
1. C 此處考查對固定搭配的掌握情況，只有account能與for 搭配，意為"解釋"，其他三個選項的詞都是及物動詞，不與介詞搭配。
2. C 分析全句，此處應填一個賓語從句的引導詞，從句中缺少賓語，故應填 what ，此句意為"去了解他們所感興趣的`東西"，其他三個選項均為關係副詞，不能充當從句中的賓語。
3. B 此處選 even 加強語氣，"事實上，電腦甚至都沒有興趣"。
4. A computer program 是常見搭配，意為"電腦程序"，其他選項與句意不符，故排除。
5. B make sense 是固定搭配，意思是"有道理, 合理, 能被理解"。整句的意思為"當然人也有目標，但這些目標若被歸在電腦身上便不合邏輯了"。
6. C in order to 是固定搭配，表示目的，意為"為了……"，故選 C。
7. A 結合上下文我們得知，此處應填具有"尋找"含義的詞，watch 沒有此含義，首先被排除，C 選項後若加上 for ，便符合文意，search 有"搜尋，查找"的含義，但一般指深人徹底地調查，只 有 A 選項 find 在含義和語氣上都符合句意。
8. C 從下一句便可找到答案為 C 選項，give rise to 意為"引起，導致，使發生"。
9. D 選擇 D 意為"找到關於餐館名字的信息"，其他選項放此處均不合適。
10. D 此處需填一個謂語動詞，因此要搞清主語"餐館"與賓語"食物"之間的關係，只有"餐館供應食物"合乎邏輯，故答案為 serve。
11. A 上文提到了種種人生理的、智力上的、認知的目標，因為餓得到了有關餐館的信息，因而此處要填"獲取" ，B ，C，D 與文意不符。
12. B 此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目標都是獲取信息的目標，都是學習的目標,答案為 B 選項。
13. B 此處缺一個情態動詞，閲讀到後半句時便很容易選出答案，此處的 might 與後面 as a person might 相呼應，表示不確定的推測，意為"可能，也許"。
14. D 能與 way 搭配的介詞一般只有 in ，表示"以……方式"，此處的含義為"與一個人可能想要做事的方式相同"。
15. A arise out of 是固定搭配，意為"起於……"，即使不知道短語的含義，看到後面又出現一次 arise out of ，也應可以選出答案。
