2018英語專業四級閲讀理解簡單練習

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　　TEXT A

If you like the idea of staying with a family, living in house might be the answer. Good

landladies-those who are superb cooks and launderers, are figures as popular in fiction as the bad ones who terrorize their guest and overcharge them at the slightest opportunity. The truth is probably somewhere between the two extremes. If you are lucky, the food will be adequate, some of your laundry may be done for you and you will have a reasonable amount of comfort and companionship the less fortune ,house rules may restrict the freedom to invite friends to visit, and shared cooking and bathroom facilities can be frustrating and row-provoking if tidy and untidy guests are living under the same roof.

The same disadvantages can apply to flat sharing, with the added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what, and in what proportion. One person may spend hours on the phone, while another rarely makes calls. If you want privacy with guest , how do you persuade the others to go out; how do you persuade them to leave you in peace, especially if you are student and want to study?

Conversely, flat sharing can be very cheap, there will always be someone to talk to and go out with, and the chores, in theory, can be shared.

rding to the passage ,landladies are ____C____

A. usually strict.

B. always mean.

C. adequately competent.

D. very popular with their guest.

解析：C, 排除法。 A指的是bad landladies,片面信息。B沒有提到，且過於絕對。D選項：文中提到： “Good landladies-those who are superb cooks and launderers. D, … are figures as popular in fiction as the bad ones who terrorize their guest and overcharge them at the slightest opportunity.“指兩種都很常見，而不是受。”有bad landladies,自然不能説所有的landladies都受到房客的。

is the additional disadvantage of flat sharing? ____A____

A. Problems of sharing and paying.

B. Differences in living habits.

C. Shared cooking and bathroom facilities.

D. Restriction to invite friends to visit.

解析：由第二段可知。 “…with the added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what,…” (另外一個困難是決定由誰來付錢和付多少…)以及”If you want privacy with guest , how do you persuade the others to go out; how do you persuade them to leave you in peace, especially if you are student and want to study.” 在同住的時候生活細節上的一些矛盾。

is NOT mentioned as a benefit of flat sharing? ____D____

A. Rent is affordable

B. There is companionship.

C. Housework.

D. There is peace and quiet.

解析：D。由第三段可知。 “flat sharing can be very cheap, there will always be someone to talk to and go out with, and the chores, in theory, can be shared.” A、B、C 都有提到，只有D沒有提及。

TEXT B

(1) Traveling through the country a couple of weeks ago on business, I was listening to the talk of the late UK writer Douglas Adams’ master work “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” on the radio and thought-I know, I’ll pick up the next hitchhikers I see and ask them what the state of real hitching is today in Britain.

(2)I drove and drove on main roads and side roads for the next few days and never saw a single one.

(3)When I was in my teens and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers took me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends ,many provided hospitality on the road.

(4)Not only did you find out much more about a country than when traveling by train or plane ,but there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night.

Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it what has happened to it?

(5)A few years ago, I was asked the same question about hitching in a column of a newspaper. Hundreds of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking .

(6)Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, as was Quebec, Canada-“if you don’t mind being criticized for not speaking French”.

(7)But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in some places ,the general feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed.

(8)With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we need to be so wary both to hitch and to give a lift?

(9)In Poland in the 1960s, according to a Polish woman who e-mail me ,"the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker’s Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each time a driver picked somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, drivers who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everyone was hitchhiking then”.

(10)Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down barriers between strangers. It would help fight global warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant lessons in geography ,history, politics and sociology.

(11)A century before Douglas Adams wrote his “Hitchhiker’s Guide”, another adventure story writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, gave us that what should be the hitchhiker’s motto: “To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive.” What better time than putting a holiday weekend into practice. Either put it to the test yourself, or help out someone who is trying to travel hopefully with thumb outstretched.

84. In which paragraph(s) does the writer comment on his experience of hitchhiking? ____C____

A. (3)

B.(4)

C. (3) and (4)

D.(4) and (5)

解析：C。問題問的是的評價，第三段和第四段中都有出現評價性的形容詞，如：The kindness or curiosity of strangers，hospitality，that element of excitement;第5段只是提到了一些事實，無評價性的形容詞。

85. What is the current situation of hitchhiking? ____A____

A. It is popular in some parts of the world.

B. It is popular throughout the west.

C. It is popular in Poland.

D. It is still popular in Poland.

解析：A。根據第7段 “But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in some places ,the general feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed.” (雖然搭便車在一些地方仍然存在和普遍，但基本上人們感覺在西方大部分地方這種現象卻不復存在了。)

86. What is the writer’s attitude towards the practice in Poland? ____D____

A. Critical.

B. Unclear.

C. Somewhat favorable.

D. Strongly favorable.

解析：D。第10段， “Surely this is a good idea for society.” (顯然這對社會來説是一個不錯的主意。)

87. The writer has mentioned all the following benefits of hitchhiking EXCEPT ____B____

A. promoting mutual respect between strangers.

B. increasing one’s confidence in strangers.

C. protecting environment.

D. enrich one’s knowledge.

解析：B。根據第10段。 “Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down barriers between strangers. It would help fight global warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant lessons in geography ,history, politics and sociology.” (搭便車可以打破陌生人之間的障礙，增進信任;因為搭便車的人使用的是正在使用的燃料，它可以通過減少燃料消耗而幫助解決全球變暖的問題;它還可以通過地理、歷史、政治和社會學的快速課程提高教育水平。)

88. “Either put it to the test yourself…”in Paragraph (11) means ____D____

A. to experience the hopefulness.

B. to read Adams’ book.

C. to offer someone a lift.

D. to be a hitchhiker.

解析：D。根據最後一句話： “Either put it to the test yourself, or help out someone who is trying to travel hopefully with thumb outstretched.”(你可以自己嘗試，也可以幫助那些想去旅行而滿懷希望伸出大拇指的人。)

TEXT C

I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else.

Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.

I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling . In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue ,green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.

I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).

I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.

She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.

The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.

I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.

I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!

There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.

89. According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace ____B____ .

A. refused to speak to her.

B. was pleasant and attractive.

C. was selling skirts and ribbons.

D. recognized her immediately.

解析：B。根據第3段對她的細節描寫。 “She moved with the same ease and loveliness … Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling . In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue ,green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.” 由此可見，對她的印象是愉快的。

90. Which of the following in NOT correct? ____A____

A. The writer was not used to bargaining.

B. People in Asia always bargain when buying things.

C. Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.

D. The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.

解析：A。第5段 “It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.” (在亞洲，人們有討價還價的習俗。在老撾，人們討價還價時總是輕言細語)，由此可知，B、C、D是正確的。瞭解當地的習俗，所以很自然地開始bargain，所以A選項不對。

91. The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because woman ____A/C____ .

A. thought that the last offer was reasonable.

B. thought she could still make much money.

C. was glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining.

D. was tired of bargaining with the writer any more.

解析：A/C。“she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money.”

92. Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts? ____C____

A. The skirts were cheap and pretty.

B. She liked the patterns on the skirts.

C. She wanted to do something as compensation.

D. She was fed up with further bargaining with the woman.

解析：C。第6段: “that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase.” 由此可知，因為價格很低，所以想多買幾件作為對賣裙子的姑娘的一種補償。

did the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because ____A____.

A. she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling.

B. she was afraid of crying in public.

C. she had learned to face difficulties bravely.

D. she had to show in public that she was strong.

解析：A。第8段：“I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.”(我學會了抗拒困難，不知不覺中，我也學會了不被温柔和輕鬆俘獲。)由此可知，沒有哭是因為她已經學會控制自己的情緒不會輕易受到影響，所以選A。

94. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again? ____C____

A. she suddenly felt very sad.

B. she liked the ribbons so much.

C. she was overcome by emotion.

D. she felt sorry for the woman.

解析：C。最後一段：“There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry…”(對於一顆慷慨的心你是無法防備的，所以這次我哭了，…)由此可知我哭是因為被賣絲綢裙子的姑娘感動了。

　　TEXT D

The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, in my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.

These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”.

Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.

The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out.

“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and realities of family life,” says Dr. Ernest Boyer ,head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”

His is not popular idea. School are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives?

It may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is compelling. Despite the complaints and studies about our kids’ lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. In Japan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesn’t produce a well-educated child, learning takes time and more learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.

The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It comes from teachers. It comes from tradition. And surely from kids. But the most important part of the conflict has been over the money.

95. Which of the following is an opinion of the author’s? ____A____

A. “The kids are hanging out.”

B. “They are school children without school.”

C. “These kids are not old enough for jobs.”

D. “The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.”

解析：A。 第一段的第一句：“The kids are hanging out.”跟第二段的最後一句： “Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”. 相呼應。的觀點是現在的孩子上學的.時間太短，很多時間都在外閒逛，無所事事。這裏的hang out是指在某地逗留，浪費時間。後面也可以加個地方，旨在那個地方逗留，浪費時間。也可以with某人，指與某人在一起瞎混，浪費時間。例如：You guys spent too much time hanging out.

你們花太多時間瞎混了。B、C、D是客觀事實陳述，並不是觀點。

96. The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to ____A____

A. the growing season on nation’s farm.

B. the labor demands of the industrial age.

C. teachers’ demands for more vacation time.

D. parents’ demands for other experiences for their kids.

解析：A。第三段提到：“In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. (19世紀的時候，上學時間是根據農時來決定的。現在雖然只有3%的家庭從事農業，但幾乎所有的學校的校歷安排似乎是讓孩子們早早回家去擠牛奶或是花上幾個月時間去地裏種莊稼.)

97. The author thinks that the current school calendar ____A____.

A. is still valid.

B. is out of date.

C. can not be revised.

D. can not be defended.

解析：B。從第三段可知，現有的校歷是根據以前的情況制定的，已經不能適應現在的情況了。

98. Why was Dr. Boy’s idea unpopular? ____D____

A. He argues for the role of school in solving social problems.

B. He supports the current school calendar.

C. He thinks that school year and family life should be considered separately.

D. He strongly believes in the educational role of school.

解析：D。A和B明顯與文章不符。A指的是大眾的觀點;B選項Dr. Boy是不贊同現有的校歷的。C選項與文章相反，文中提到’s idea: “We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and realities of family life,”… “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.” 意思是如今的校歷安排與現實生活脱節，暗指應該把兩者結合起來。

99.“The long summers of forgetting take a toll ”in the last paragraph but one means that ____C____.

A. long summer vacation slows down the progress of learning.

B. long summer vacation has been abandoned in Europe.

C. long summers result in less learning time.

D. long summers are a result of tradition.

解析：C。細看這句話：“learning takes time more learning takes more time, the long summer‘s forgetting take a toll.” take a toll意思是造成損失或有不良的影響。這句話意思是：“學習要時間,學習要時間,而長時間的暑假會影響(它),會對(它)造成不好影響”。

文中的觀點是現有的校歷學習的時間不夠長，“Despite the complaints and studies about our kids’ lack of learning, the United State still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation.”(雖然我們抱怨和研究我們的孩子學習不夠，然而在美國，上學時間仍然比其他任何工業國家的都要短。)

100. The main purpose of the passage is ____C____

A. to describe how American children spend their summer.

B. to explain the needs of the modern working families.

C. to discuss the problems of the current school calendar.

D. to persuade parents to stay at home to look after their kids.

解析：C。整篇文章討論的是現有的校歷安排存在的問題。