英語語法介詞經典例題與分析

英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為複雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。

1. “You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn’t you?”

“Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.”

A. to, with B. for, with

C. for, for D. at, for

【陷阱】容易誤選 B 或D。

【分析】答案應選 A。第一空填to 比較好理解，因為此處的late為副詞，用以修飾 go to the stadium 中的動詞go;而第二句的 with 則是許多同學不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，現將兩者區別如下：be late for表示做某事遲到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比較：

We were late for dinner. 我們吃飯遲到了。

We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我們吃飯吃得遲。

句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是“我妻子準備晚飯稍遲了一點”。

2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

【陷阱】容易誤選 A 或 B。

【分析】答案應選 D。按英語習慣，除except, but 等極個別介詞外，英語介詞後通常不能直接跟 that 從句作賓語。遇此情況，通常是在 that 從句前加上 the fact，此時 the fact 用作介詞賓語，而其後 that 從句則用作 the fact 的同位語。請看類似試題(答案選均D)：

(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.

A. that B. which

C. what D. the fact that

3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed

A. which B. since

C. because D. because of

【陷阱】容易誤選C。因為按英語語法習慣，because是連詞，其後接句子;而because of是複合介詞，其後接名詞、代詞或動名詞等。

【分析】此題答案選D。because 作為從屬連詞，主要用於引導原因狀語從句，既然是引導一個從句，也就是説它的後面不能再連用“引導詞”。如：

He was angry because we were late. 他很生氣因為我們遲到了。

They can’t have gone out because the light is on. 他們不可能出去了，因為燈還亮着。

Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.這家超市的.麪包是自制的，所以便宜。

假若，一個從句已經有了自己的“引導詞”，那麼它前面就不宜再用 because 這個連詞了。如：

She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因為你説的話。

句中的 what 相當於 the thing that，也就是説 what you said 相當於 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的賓語，而that you said 為修飾 the thing 的定語從句。

He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因為對老闆的態度(不好)而丟了工作。

句中的 how 相當於 the way in which，也就是説 how he treated his boss相當於 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的賓語，而in which he treated his boss 為修飾 the way 的定語從句。

4. “How long have you been an actor?” “_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.”

A. After B. In

C. From D. Since

【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。

【分析】最佳答案為D。若僅從答句來看，四個答案都説得過去。但若結合問句的語境以答案應選D，因為其餘三選項填入空格均不能回答問句所提出的問題。比較：

“When did you became an actor?” “_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.”

A. After B. In

C. From D. Since

此題選B，因為問句問的是when(何時)，所以用 in 1995 來回答便順理成章。

請再看兩題：

(1) “How long have you worked on the farm?” “____ the end of last year.”

A. In B. By

C. At D. Since

答案選D，用 since the end of last year 回答 how long，即問句問“工作了多久”，答句説“自去年年底至今”。

(2) “How long will you work on the farm?” “____ the end of next year.”

A. In B. By

C. At D. Since

答案選B，問句問“將工作多久”，答句説“工作明年明底”。

(3) “When did you leave the farm?” “____ the end of last year.”

A. In B. By

C. At D. Since

答案選C，問句問“何時離開”，答句説“去年明底離開”。

5. Don’t be angry _______ me for not having written. I was really too busy.

A. about B. with

C. to D. for

【陷阱】容易誤選B。根據漢語的“對某人生氣”，將其中的“對”直譯為to。

【分析】最佳答案為 B。按英語習慣，要表示對某人生氣，通常用 be angry with [at] sb，要表示對某事生氣，通常用 be angry at [about] sth(在美國英語中也用 be angry with sth，但不説 be angry with sb)。比較以下表達，其中的“對”也不用to來翻譯：

你對這些安排感到滿意嗎?

誤：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements?

正：Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?

老師應該對他的學生嚴格要求。

誤：Teachers should be strict to their students.

正：Teachers should be strict with their students.

6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _____ writing often.

A. with B. of

C. on D. by

【陷阱】容易誤選A。根據 keep in touch with (與……保持聯繫)這一常用搭配推出。

【分析】正確答案是D。by 在這裏表示方式，by writing 意為“通過寫信”，全句意為“我們通過經常寫信保持聯繫”。請再看幾例(均與介詞搭配有關)：

(1) We’ve talked a lot _______ films. How _____ television now?

A. of, with B. with, towards

C. about, about D. for, about

此題不要受 a lot of的影響而誤選A。若第一空選 of，a lot of cars 即為動詞 talk 的賓語，但實際上動詞 talk 是不及物動詞，不能後接賓語。最佳答案應是C，句中的a lot是修飾動詞 talked 的狀語，talk about才是一個動詞短語。 全句意為“我們對電影已談了不少，現在談談電視怎麼樣?” What about…意為“……怎麼樣”，用於徵求意見。

(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy.

A. as B. with

C. of D. by

有的同學一看到句中的 regard 和選項中的 as，馬上就聯想到 regard … as … (把……當作……)這一搭配，從而斷定此題應選A。但是錯了，原因是將此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正確答案是B，句意為“我們大家都很同情這位老人”。