非限定性定語從句易錯點

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1. 引導限制性定語從句時,關係代詞which可以與that互換;但引導非限制性定語從句時,只能用which。

非限定性定語從句易錯點

例 heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened her.

A. that B. which C. what D. who

例 heard a terrible noise ______ frightened her.

A. that B. / C. what D. who

解析: 例1意為:“她聽到一個可怕的聲音,這使她感到恐懼。”that不能用於引導非限制性定語從句,故選B。例2意為:“她聽到了一個使她恐懼的可怕聲音。”引導修飾noise的限制性定語從句可以用which或that來引導,故選A。

2. 先行詞為reason時,限制性定語可以用why或for which來引導;非限制性定語從句則只能用for which來引導。

例3.I had told them the reason, ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

A. for which B. at which C. for whom D. why

例4I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

A. when B. which C. why D. for that

解析: 例3意為:“我早已把理由告訴了他們,於是我沒有出席會議。”先行詞為reason時,非限制性定語從句應用for which引導,故選A。例4意為:“我已經把沒有出席會議的原因告訴了他們。”the reason why...是常見搭配,答案為C。

3. 引導限制性定語從句的關係代詞在從句中擔任賓語時可以被省略;但引導非限制性定語從句的關係代詞即使作賓語也不能省略。

例 was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,______ he loved and respected as his own mother.

A. as B. which C. / D. whom

解析: 本句意為:“他急於去醫院看望他的`繼母,他像對待親生母親一樣孝敬她。”關係代詞whom引導非限制性定語從句並作賓語,不能被省略,故選D。

4.引導限制性定語從句時並作從句賓語的關係代詞whom可以用who來代替;但在非限制性定語從句中,whom就不能用who替換。

例6. Do you know Tom, _____ we talked about?

A. which B. that C. whom D. who

例 American journalist ______ the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. Which of the following is wrong?

A. who B. whom C. whose D. /

解析: 例6意為:“你認識湯姆嗎? 我們談到過他。”應選C。例7意為:“播音員在新聞廣播中提到的那位美國記者據説已遭歹徒殺害。下列哪一項是錯誤的?”關係代詞作mentioned的賓語且指人時,可用who/whom/that,在限制性定語從句中可省略,故C是錯的。

5.當非限制性定語從句修飾整個主句時,其關係代詞可以用as 和which,但位於舉句首不能用which,只能用as。此時非限制性定語從句可置於主句之前、之後或之中。

例8______ I expected, he didn’t believe me.

A. Which B. As C. That D. When

解析: 本句意為:“正如我所預料的那樣,他不相信我的話。”非限制性定語從句修飾整個主句,應用as引導,故答案為B。

例 was late for school,______ often happened.

A. as B. for which C. that D. why

解析: 本句意為:“瑪麗上學遲到了,這是常有的事。”根據句意,關係代詞as引導的非限制性定語從句修飾前面的主句,其位置非常靈活,故答案為A。

6. 由“介詞+關係代詞”引導非限制性定語從句,關係代詞指代整個主句時,不能用as,只能用which,因為有介詞關係。

例 bought the car for more than $20,000,______ his father was angry.

A. about that B. with as C. when D. with which

解析: 本句意為:“他花兩萬多美元買了這輛車,他父親對此很生氣。”which位於介詞with的後面,指代前面的主句,故答案為D。

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