2016年12月大學英語六級仔細閲讀試題
轉眼2016下半年的英語六級考試就快到了，建議大家每天進行一些閲讀訓練，培養英語閲讀習慣和信息查找能力，為12月的英語六級考試打好基礎。
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)， B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
The first week of July 1776 was a busy one for Thomas Jefferson. The Declaration of Independence, which he largely wrote, was adopted on the fourth. But he chose the same week to begin keeping a record of the temperature change in a notebook. This wasn't a single example: for eight years, as president, Jefferson made detailed notes on the seasonal availability of various vegetables in the markets of Washington, DC.
This wasn't because he couldn't focus, says Joshua Kendall, author of America's Obsessives (強迫症者):The Compulsive Energy That Built a Nation. Rather, his obsessional habits were a self-soothing response to anxiety. When his wife died, he responded by cataloguing the tens of thousands of letters he'd sent or received. "A mind always employed is always happy," he liked to say. But that wasn't a platitude (陳詞濫調): some of Jefferson's compulsive industriousness made history, but all of it helped keep him mentally healthy.
The core of Kendall's argument is that many successful people show symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (強迫型人格障礙). Steve Jobs would get angry over a misplaced comma; he rejected one version of the Apple II computer because the lines on its internal circuit boards weren't straight enough. But, if Kendall is correct, Jobs wasn't a person consumed solely by his own ambition: he focused on shaping and perfecting the physical world just to avoid confronting his innermost all quotes a psychiatrist who says it often begins with an insecure growing-up: "Children who have little control over the key events and people in their lives begin to focus on something they can control." Avoiding self-reflection, they make poor parents and partners. But their avoidance also leads to their success.
This is disturbing, since the "experiential avoidance"---the effort not to feel certain feelings, or think certain thoughts--is widely considered as a bad thing. It's blamed for everything from social anxiety to self-harm; the fast-developing acceptance and commitment therapy is dedicated to overcoming it, by helping people safely to "feel their feelings". Could it really bring benefits?
The question strikes deep at how we think about psychological disorders. By definition, they interfere with life. But what counts as interfering is subjective: is it "better" to be a great innovator than an ordinary spouse, or vice versa? The happiest among Kendall's obsessives are those with self-awareness: they chose to embrace their obsessions, accepting the downsides. The tragic ones kept trying to make their relationships conform to their rigid demands. A Wired magazine cover last year asked readers, “Do you really want to be like Steve Jobs?" In a work culture that increasingly uses "obsessive" as a compliment, it's worth pausing to ask the question.
56. What was the main reason for Thomas Jefferson being busy in the first week of July 1776?
A. The adoption of the Declaration of Independence.
B. The recording of the temperature changes.
C. The recording of the availability of vegetables in the markets.
D. All of the above.
57. According to Kendall, why did Jefferson catalogue these letters when his wife died?
A. Because he couldn't focus on one matter.
B. Because he had sent and received too many letters.
C. Because he was industrious in order to make history.
D. Because he wanted to get relieved from the pain.
58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about Steve Jobs?
A. He paid close attention to details.
B. He showed some symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
C. He easily lost his temper over little things.
D. He tried to avoid facing his true self.
59. What does the underlined "it" (Line 4, Para.4)refer to?
A. Acceptance and commitment therapy.
B. Experiential avoidance.
C. Social anxiety.
D. Self-harm.
60. What can we infer about the author's attitude towards "obsessive"?
A. It interferes with life.
B. It can be taken as a compliment.
C. It may lead to huge success.
D. It is widely blamed for everything.
1776年七月的第-周對耗馬斯•傑斐遜來説是繁忙的-周.由他豐筆的《獨立宣言》要在四號被採用。但是他選擇在同-周開始在筆記本上記錄氣温變化。這還不是特例：作辦總統，傑斐遜在八年期間-直詳細記錄各種蔬菜在華盛頓特區市場上的季節性供應情況。
按照《美國的強迫症者：建造國家的-股強迫性力量》的作者約書亞•肯德爾的説法，這不是因為傑斐遜不能專注。相反.他的強迫性習慣是應對焦慮的-種自我安撫.他的妻子去世時.他的反應就是把他曾發出和收到的成千上萬的信件編成目錄.他喜歡説： “忙碌的頭腦總是快樂的.”但這不是陳辭濫調：傑斐遜的-些強迫件的勤勉創造了歷史.但所有這些都幫助他保持心智健康。
肯德爾的觀點的核心在於很多成功人士都具有強追性人格障礙的症狀。斯蒂夫•喬布斯會因為-個逗號放錯位置而勃然大怒。他還因為內部電路板上的線路不夠直而放棄了蘋果二代電腦的某個版本.但是.如果肯德爾是正確的.喬布斯就不是-個完全沉溺於個人抱負中的人.他專注於塑造和完善這個物質世界只是為了不去面對內心最深處的自我.-位精神病學家認為這通常源於缺少安全感的成長過程，肯德爾引用他的話説： “如果兒童對生活中的主要事件和人沒有控制力，他們就會專注於某件他們能夠控制的事情。”逃避自省，他們不會成為好的父母和搭檔，但他們的逃避卻讓他們走向成功。
這是讓人困擾的，因為“經驗迥避”——努力不去感受某些感覺或者思考某些想法——被普遍看作-件壞事。從社交性焦慮到自殘的所有事情都歸咎於它。正在迅速發展的接受和投入療法也是致力於克服它，通過幫助人們安全地“感受他們的感覺”。它真的能帶來好處嗎?
這個問題需要我們深入思考如何看待心理障礙.從定義上講.心理障礙會妨礙生活.但什麼才算作“妨礙”需要個人生觀判斷：做-個偉大的革新家比成為-個平凡的配偶“更好”嗎?還是反之亦然?在肯德爾的強迫症者中.最幸福的是那些右自我意識的人：他們選擇去接受那些強迫性意念.接受它們的負面效應.而那些不幸的人則不斷地努力讓他們的關係符合他們-成不變的需求。去年《聯線雜誌》的-個封面向讀者問道， “您真的`想像斯蒂夫•喬布斯-樣嗎?”在-個把“強迫症”越來越多地用作恭維的工作文化中，我們值得停下來問-下這個問題。
was the main reason for Thomas Jefferson being busy in the first week of July 1776?托馬斯•傑斐遜在1776年七月的第-周很忙的主要原因是什麼? A
adoption of the Declaration of Independence.《獨立宣言》被採用。
recording of the temperature changes.記錄氣温變化。
recording of the availability of vegetables in the markets.記錄蔬菜在市場上的供應情況。
of the above.以上都包括。
rding to Kendall，why did Jefferson catalogue these letters when his wife died?根據肯德爾的觀點，為什麼傑斐遜在妻子去世時把那些信件做成目錄? D
use he couldn’t focus on one matter.因為他不能集中精神做-件事。
use he had sent and received too many letters.因為他發送和收到太多的信件。
use he was industrious in order to make history.因為他為了創造歷史而非常勤勉。
use he wanted to get relieved from the pain.因為他想從痛苦中解脱出來。
rding to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true about Steve Jobs?根據原文，下面關於斯蒂夫•喬布斯的陳述哪-項是錯誤的? C
paid close attention to details.他非常關注細節。
showed some symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.他表現出-些強迫性人格障礙的症狀。
easily lost his temper over little things.他容易因為小事而發脾氣。
tried to avoid facing his true self.他努力避免面對真實的自我。
does the underlined “it”(Line 4，Para.4)refer to?下劃線單詞“it”(第4段第4行.指代的是什麼? B
ptance and commitment therapy.接受與投入療法
riential avoidance.經驗迴避
al anxiety.社交性焦慮
-harm.自殘
can we infer about the author’s attitude towards “obsessive”?我們可以推論出作者對於“強迫症者”的態度是怎樣的? C
interferes with life.它妨礙生活。
can be taken as a compliment.它可以被看作是-種恭維。
may lead to huge success.它能走向巨大的成功。
is widely blamed for everything.它因為很多事情而受到譴責。
