英語閲讀例證題怎麼做
導語：英語閲讀中的例證題，要求學生直接從原文中找答案，這類題應該怎麼做呢？跟着小編一起學習吧！
例證題
1． 標誌：case,example,illustrate,demonstrate,exemplify
2． 解題的關鍵：不在於是否看懂例子，而在於例子所支持的論點。
3． 具體做題方法：返回原文，定位該例子，然後80%向上20%向下搜索該例子所支持的論點。然後在四個選項中找到與觀點意思最接近的一個作為答案。。
4． 錯誤選項的設計方法：（1）列舉例子中的具體事例（2）混淆論點論據（3）列舉無關常識。
例題：
2003 text4.
author uses the example of cancer patients to show that ________.
[A] medical resources are often wasted
[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases
[C] some treatments are too aggressive
[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable
解題三步驟：
（1）閲讀題幹，確定關鍵詞：
關鍵詞：example of，cancer patients
（2）定位到段（文章第二段）
Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.
（3）定位到句，同義替換，得出答案。
結合例證題的解題方法：返回原文，定位該例子，然後80%向上20%向下搜索該例子所支持的論點：
首先定位例子：Physicians -- frustrated ntifically justified.
接下來找例子佐證的論點：（百分之80的情況都在例子前面，百分之20會在例子後面出面）
Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless.
即：由於有醫療費用由第三方支付這個擋箭牌，我們常常要求採用一切醫療手段，即使它們不會有任何用處。
因此選A，即使沒有效果仍然採用了，會造成醫療資源的浪費。
再看下其他選項：
[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases
醫生對於致命的疾病也無計可施。
【分析】是例子本身的細節，但並非舉這個例子的目的。
[C] some treatments are too aggressive
有一些治療過去大膽
【分析】這也是例子中的事實，但並不是論述的目的，與題目答非所問。
[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable
醫療費用越來越支付不起
【分析】文中説到由於第三方支付的'的存在，所以採用一切醫療手段，即使是不需要的。並沒有提到醫療費用變高問題。
長難句解析
Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.
（1）句子主幹：physicians offer treatment
（2）句子其他成分：兩個破折號之間過去分詞結構和現在分詞結構做定語；介詞“beyond”之後跟了一個“what”引導的賓語從句，構成介賓結構。
（3）固定搭配：
far beyond 遠遠超出
loss of 損失
（4）切分句子：
A，先找連詞:and
B，再找介詞：to,of，in
C，先將從句切分出來：and前後連接的是並列的兩個成分，前面是過去分詞短語做定語，後面是動詞現在分詞短語做定語，用來修飾Physicians醫生，內科醫生。
D，再將句子細分：第一個介詞to，是不定式做後置定語，修飾先行詞inability。第二個介詞of，是loss of的固定搭配。第三個介詞in，成分簡單，不需切分。
（5）原句再現：
Physicians -- frustrated by their inability/ to cure the disease /and/ fearing loss of hope /in the patient -- too often /offer aggressive treatment /far beyond /what is scientifically justified.
參考譯文：醫生害怕他們沒有能力醫病，也害怕患者會失去希望，經常會採取過於極端的治療方法，而這樣本身就是對醫療資源的一種浪費。
