2017英語專四閲讀訓練5篇

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引導語：考試前做好充分準備才能順利通過考試，以下是本站小編為大家整理的專四考試閲讀訓練，歡迎閲讀!

訓練一

What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother’s blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.

In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.

As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.

1. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.

B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.

C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.

D. There are no connection between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s.

2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.

A. she is emotionally shocked

B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance

C. she takes part in all kind of activities

D. she sticks to studying

3. According to the passage, a child may inherit____.

A. everything from his mother

B. a knowledge of mathematics

C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence

D. her mother’s musical ability

4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.

A. surely become musician

B. mostly become a poet

C. possibly become a teacher

D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Role of Inheritance. B. An Unborn Child.

C. Function of instincts. D. Inherited Talents.

參考答案：BACDA

　閲讀二

There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergo, dramatic polarity reversal—a period when north pole beco mes south pole and south pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated , and why is it so unstable?

Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 meters of deep sea sediment core, they have obtained me asurements of magnetic?field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable long term dec line preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years—the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.

The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is though t to originate from molten iron in the outer core,3,000 kilometers beneath the e arth's surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify revers als dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 year s ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theorie s link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor impacts. But Peter Ol son, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid geophysicists wi ll have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth's inne r physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.

1. Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage

A. Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature.

B. Measurement of the Earth's Magnetic?Field Intensity.

C. Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth.

D. A New Approach to the study of Geophysics.

2. What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research

A. Some regularity in the changes of the earth's magnetic field.

B. Some causes of the fluctuation of the earth's magnetic field.

C. The origin of the earth's magnetic field.

D. The frequency of polarity reversals.

3. The French geophysicists' study is different from currently prevailing theories in ______.

A. its identification of the origin of the earth's magnetic field

B. the way the earth's magnetic intensity is measured

C. its explanation of the shift in the earth's polarity

D. the way the earth's fluctuation rhythm is defined

4. In Peter Olson's opinion the French experiment ______.

A. is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earth

B. has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversals

C. is certain to help predict external disasters

D. has caused great confusion among the world's geophysicists

參考答案：

1. D) 文章主要介紹了兩位法國地球物理學家所作的開創性的研究及其在同行中引起的反響。由此可見D為正確答案。

2. A) 此題為細節題。根據文章第二段第三句可知，經過分析表明，磁場的密度以清晰的節奏在波動。由此可見A為正確答案。

3. C) 根據文章第二段，兩位法國地球物理學家利用80米的深海沉澱物的核心做試驗。而根據文章第三段可知其他科學家是通過研究巖石、粘土等中所發現的金屬微粒來論證的。由此可見C為正確答案。

4. A) 根據文章最後兩句可知，如果這些結果被證明是對的，那麼地球物理學家在試圖認識地球內部物理現象方面有了新的理論作指導，也就是説這項研究為進一步的研究指明瞭方向。因此A為正確答案。

　　閲讀三

A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.

DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.

The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.

In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.

re DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects____.

d have to leave their fingerprints for further investigations

d have to submit evidence for their innocence

d easily escape conviction of guilt

be convicted of guilt as well

fingerprinting can be unreliable when ____.

methods used for blood- cell calculation are not accurate

different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting pattern

C.a match is by chance left with fingerprints that happen to belong to two different individuals

different individuals leave two DNA samples.

geneticists like Lewontin and Hartl, the current method ____.

not so convincing as to exclude the likelihood that two DNA samples can never come from two individuals

arguable because two individuals of the same ethnic group are likely to have the same DNA pattern.

not based on adequate scientific theory of genetics

theoretically contradictory to what they have been studying

attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that ____.

gh data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of two DNA samples coming from two individual members

gh data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples form the same person can match

gh data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of two different DNA samples coming form the same person

tional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that two DNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person

onal Academy of Sciences holds the stance that ____.

testing should be systematized

authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testing

academy only is authorized to work out standards for testing

academy has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testing

參考答案：CBABB

　閲讀四

At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigor and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.

This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually "die of old age", and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer—on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.

Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things "wear out".

Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact an out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (熱力學) (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself—it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could,at one time, repair ourselves—well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power; an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.

1. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Our first twelve years represent the peak of human development.

B. People usually are unhappy when reminded of ageing.

C. Normally only a few of us can live to the eighties and nineties.

D. People are usually less likely to die at twelve years old.

2. The word "it" in the last sentence of Paragraph Two refers to

A. remaining alive until 65.

B. remaining alive after 80.

C. dying before 65 or after 80.

D. dying between 65 and 80.

3. What is ageing?

A. It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.

B. It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.

C. It is a gradual loss of vigor and resistance.

D. It is a phase when people are easily attacked by illness.

4. What do the examples of watch show?

A. Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.

B. All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.

C. The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.

D. Human's ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.

5. Which of the following best fits the style of this passage?

A. Argumentation.

B. Exposition.

C. Narration.

D. Description.

文章概要：

本文圍繞“衰老”這一話題展開敍述。首段指出人體生命力變化的拋物線趨勢，12歲最為旺盛;第2-3段講到了人類衰老的不可抗拒性;最後一段以例證説明人類和手錶等機械裝置的“衰老”過程有較大的區別。

答案解析：

1.[A]細節推斷題。根據各選項內容定位到第1、2段。根據第1段第2句可知，人在長到12歲時身體各個方面包括身材、力量和智力都還有待發展和完善，所以A(人在12歲發育達到頂峯)的説法不正確，故為本題答案。根據第1段第2句句末的內容可推測。D的`表述與原文一致，可排除;根據第2段第2旬及第3段首句可知，B的表述正確，可排除;第2段段末指出：活到90歲以上的人很少，可能性也很小，故C正確，可排除。

2.[B]代詞指代題。第2段段末説“有些人逝去得早些，而少數人可以活到90多歲至100歲”，it所在句出現的But以及下文“我們所能期望的壽命實際上是有限度的”提示，it應該指代前面出現的“長壽”。故B正確。

3.[C]根據ageing及各選項內容定位到第1、2段。細節概括題。根據第2段第1句對ageing的概括以及第l段第3句後半部分對 ageing的詮釋，可知C為本題答案。A、D實際上是衰老過程的兩個方面，因此A、D表述都是相對片面的，可排除;通過文中的敍述可知，衰老是一個過程，而不僅是一個簡單事實，故B項不恰當，也可排除。

4.[D]細節推斷題。根據題幹中的watch定位到第4段。第4段中間部分指出：破損的手錶也有不能修理的時候，由於自身的金屬構造，手錶不能像人類的身體那樣進行自我修復，而人類的自我修復還可以在一定程度上緩解病痛、延長生命。這就表明人類和手錶等機械裝置的“衰老”過程有較大的區別，故選D。A、B與手錶的例子無關.可首先排除;雖然熱力學定律適用於手錶等機械裝置，但文中例子並沒有傳達出C的意思，故C也可排除。

5.[B]文體判斷題。本文從衰老起始時間入手，主要介紹了衰老過程的相關內容。文中通過引用一些數據和使用對比等手段，説明了衰老的過程、必然性及其與機械裝置損耗的區別所在。據此分析，本文屬於説明文體，B為本題答案。A是本題的干擾項，文中沒有出現獨立的論點以及通過論據證明論點的表述，故將其劃歸議論文體不恰當，排除A。

閲讀五

What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.