常用臨牀醫學英文術語

來源:文萃谷 1.05W

臨牀醫學是研究疾病的'病因、診斷、治療和預後,提高臨牀治療水平,促進人體健康的科學。接下來小編為大家整理常用臨牀醫學術語中英對照,希望對你有幫助。

常用臨牀醫學英文術語

diseases 疾病

acute diseases 急性病

advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病

chronic diseases慢性病

communicable diseases 傳染病

complicating diseases 併發病

congenital diseases 先天性疾病

acquired diseases 後天性疾病

contagious diseases接觸性傳染病

endemic diseases 地方病

epidemic diseases 流行病

functional diseases 機能病、官能病

infectious diseases 傳染病

inherited diseases 遺傳病

malignant diseases惡性病

nutritional diseases 營養病

occupation diseases 職業

organic diseases 器質性病

paroxysmal diseases 陣發性病

periodical diseases 週期病

primary(principal)diseases原發(主導)病

secondary diseases 繼發病

sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病

terminal diseases 絕症

wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主訴

clinical manifestation 臨牀表現

delivery history 分娩史

etiology病因學

family history 家族史

history, medical history 病史

precipitating(induced)誘因

marital status婚姻狀況

menstrual history 月經史

menarche 初潮

menopause閉經

past history既往史

pathogenesis 發病機制

personal history 個人史symptoms 症狀

cardinal symptom 主要症狀

classical symptom 典型症狀

concomitant symptom 伴發症狀

constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症狀

indirect symptom 間接症狀

induced symptom 誘發症狀

local symptom 局部症狀

mental symptom精神症狀

symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 綜合症,症候羣

signs體徵

antecedent 前驅徵

assident (accessory) 副徵

commemorative 後遺症

sign of death 死徵

diagnostic診斷徵

sign of disease 病徵

subjective 自覺徵,主觀徵

vein sign靜脈徵vital sign 生命體徵

body length (height of the body) 身高

body weight 體重

barrel chest 桶狀胸

cachexia 惡病質

compulsive position 被動體位

critical facies 病危面容

emaciation 消瘦

enophthalmos 眼球下陷

entropion 瞼內翻

exophthalmos 眼球突出

flushed face 面色潮紅

gain (loss) in weight 增加(減輕)體重

lock-jaw 牙關緊閉

lordosis 脊柱前凸 醫.學教育網整理

nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇動

nystagmus 眼震

obesity 肥胖

pallor 蒼白

scolisis 脊柱側凸

agitation 焦急不安

debility, weakness 虛弱

diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗

dizziness, vertigo 眩暈

lassitude, fatigue 無力,倦怠

malaise 不適

night sweat 盜汗

numbness 麻木

rigor, chill 寒冷,發冷

perspiration, sweating 出汗

pruritus, itching 癢,

somasthenia 軀體無力

tingling 麻刺感abscess 膿腫

acidosis 酸中毒

adhesion 粘連

alkalosis 鹼中毒

allergy 過敏

coagulation defect 凝血不良

congestion 充血

dehydration 脱水

distention 膨脹

edema 水腫

embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成

fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水電解質紊亂

gangrene 壞疽

hematoma 血腫

hemorrhage, bleeding 出血

infarction 梗塞,梗死

infection 傳染

inflammation 炎症

ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒

metastasis 轉移

perforation 穿孔

necrosis 壞死

shock 休克

response 反應,應答

reaction 反應,感應

thrombosis 血栓形成

ulceration 潰瘍fever, pyrexia 發燒,發熱

continuous fever 稽留熱

intermittent fever 間歇熱

low-grade fever 低熱

remittent fever 馳張熱

relapsing fever 迴歸熱pain 痛

burning pain 灼痛

chest(flank,…) pain 胸(脅腹…)痛

cramp-like pain 痙攣性痛

dull, diffused pain 瀰漫性鈍痛

pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛

radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 絞痛

cardiac angina 心絞痛

backache 背痛

colic 絞痛,急腹痛

earache 耳痛

headache 頭痛

neuralgia 神經痛

migraine 偏頭痛

rebound tenderness 反跳痛

somatalgia 軀體痛

sore throat 咽喉痛

stomachache 胃痛

toothache 牙痛

bloody sputum 帶血的痰

cough 咳嗽

dry cough 乾咳

expectoration 咳痰

expectoration of blood 咳血

hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧

apnea 呼吸暫停,窒息

asthma 氣喘,哮喘

Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸

dyspnea 呼吸困難

hyperpnea hyperventilation 過度呼吸,換氣過度

hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸淺表

hypoxia 低氧,缺氧

orthopnea 端坐呼吸

respiratory arrest 呼吸停止

suffocation 窒息

tachypnea 呼吸急促

fetid breath 口臭

fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齊

atelectasis 肺不張,肺膨脹不全

cardiac arrest 心搏驟停

cardiac hypertrophy 心臟肥大

cyanosis 發紺,青紫

distension of jugular vein 頸靜脈怒張

extrasystole 期外收縮

gallop rhythm 奔馬律

hemopleura 血胸

hepatojugular reflux 肝頸靜脈迴流

hypovolemia (循環)血容量減少

palpitation 心悸

tachycardia 心動過速

pneumothorax 氣胸

thrill 震顫

absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失

dull sound 濁音

hyperresonant 鼓音

rale 囉音

rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,幹囉音

wheeze 哮鳴音anorexia, loss of appetite 食慾不振,厭食

dysphagia 吞嚥困難

eructation 噯氣

belching 噯氣

flatulence 氣脹

flatus 腸胃氣,屁

gaseous distention 胃脹氣

hematemesis 嘔血

hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆

nausea 噁心

pyrosis 胃灼熱

regurgitation 反胃,迴流

thirsty 口渴

vomiting 嘔吐

anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂

ascites 腹水

board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板狀腹

decreased tactile fremitus 觸覺性震顫減弱

exophageal varices 食管靜脈曲張

fistula 瘻,瘻管

hemorrhoid 痔

hernia 疝

hepatomegaly 肝腫大

intussusception 腸套疊

jaundice 黃疸

muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌衞

peristalsis 蠕動

loss of peristalsis 蠕動消失

mass peristalsis 總蠕動

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