常用臨牀醫學英文術語
臨牀醫學是研究疾病的'病因、診斷、治療和預後,提高臨牀治療水平,促進人體健康的科學。接下來小編為大家整理常用臨牀醫學術語中英對照,希望對你有幫助。
diseases 疾病
acute diseases 急性病
advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病
chronic diseases慢性病
communicable diseases 傳染病
complicating diseases 併發病
congenital diseases 先天性疾病
acquired diseases 後天性疾病
contagious diseases接觸性傳染病
endemic diseases 地方病
epidemic diseases 流行病
functional diseases 機能病、官能病
infectious diseases 傳染病
inherited diseases 遺傳病
malignant diseases惡性病
nutritional diseases 營養病
occupation diseases 職業病
organic diseases 器質性病
paroxysmal diseases 陣發性病
periodical diseases 週期病
primary(principal)diseases原發(主導)病
secondary diseases 繼發病
sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病
terminal diseases 絕症
wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主訴
clinical manifestation 臨牀表現
delivery history 分娩史
etiology病因學
family history 家族史
history, medical history 病史
precipitating(induced)誘因
marital status婚姻狀況
menstrual history 月經史
menarche 初潮
menopause閉經
past history既往史
pathogenesis 發病機制
personal history 個人史symptoms 症狀
cardinal symptom 主要症狀
classical symptom 典型症狀
concomitant symptom 伴發症狀
constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症狀
indirect symptom 間接症狀
induced symptom 誘發症狀
local symptom 局部症狀
mental symptom精神症狀
symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 綜合症,症候羣
signs體徵
antecedent 前驅徵
assident (accessory) 副徵
commemorative 後遺症
sign of death 死徵
diagnostic診斷徵
sign of disease 病徵
subjective 自覺徵,主觀徵
vein sign靜脈徵vital sign 生命體徵
body length (height of the body) 身高
body weight 體重
barrel chest 桶狀胸
cachexia 惡病質
compulsive position 被動體位
critical facies 病危面容
emaciation 消瘦
enophthalmos 眼球下陷
entropion 瞼內翻
exophthalmos 眼球突出
flushed face 面色潮紅
gain (loss) in weight 增加(減輕)體重
lock-jaw 牙關緊閉
lordosis 脊柱前凸 醫.學教育網整理
nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇動
nystagmus 眼震
obesity 肥胖
pallor 蒼白
scolisis 脊柱側凸
agitation 焦急不安
debility, weakness 虛弱
diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗
dizziness, vertigo 眩暈
lassitude, fatigue 無力,倦怠
malaise 不適
night sweat 盜汗
numbness 麻木
rigor, chill 寒冷,發冷
perspiration, sweating 出汗
pruritus, itching 癢,
somasthenia 軀體無力
tingling 麻刺感abscess 膿腫
acidosis 酸中毒
adhesion 粘連
alkalosis 鹼中毒
allergy 過敏
coagulation defect 凝血不良
congestion 充血
dehydration 脱水
distention 膨脹
edema 水腫
embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成
fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水電解質紊亂
gangrene 壞疽
hematoma 血腫
hemorrhage, bleeding 出血
infarction 梗塞,梗死
infection 傳染
inflammation 炎症
ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒
metastasis 轉移
perforation 穿孔
necrosis 壞死
shock 休克
response 反應,應答
reaction 反應,感應
thrombosis 血栓形成
ulceration 潰瘍fever, pyrexia 發燒,發熱
continuous fever 稽留熱
intermittent fever 間歇熱
low-grade fever 低熱
remittent fever 馳張熱
relapsing fever 迴歸熱pain 痛
burning pain 灼痛
chest(flank,…) pain 胸(脅腹…)痛
cramp-like pain 痙攣性痛
dull, diffused pain 瀰漫性鈍痛
pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛
radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 絞痛
cardiac angina 心絞痛
backache 背痛
colic 絞痛,急腹痛
earache 耳痛
headache 頭痛
neuralgia 神經痛
migraine 偏頭痛
rebound tenderness 反跳痛
somatalgia 軀體痛
sore throat 咽喉痛
stomachache 胃痛
toothache 牙痛
bloody sputum 帶血的痰
cough 咳嗽
dry cough 乾咳
expectoration 咳痰
expectoration of blood 咳血
hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧
apnea 呼吸暫停,窒息
asthma 氣喘,哮喘
Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸
dyspnea 呼吸困難
hyperpnea hyperventilation 過度呼吸,換氣過度
hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸淺表
hypoxia 低氧,缺氧
orthopnea 端坐呼吸
respiratory arrest 呼吸停止
suffocation 窒息
tachypnea 呼吸急促
fetid breath 口臭
fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齊
atelectasis 肺不張,肺膨脹不全
cardiac arrest 心搏驟停
cardiac hypertrophy 心臟肥大
cyanosis 發紺,青紫
distension of jugular vein 頸靜脈怒張
extrasystole 期外收縮
gallop rhythm 奔馬律
hemopleura 血胸
hepatojugular reflux 肝頸靜脈迴流
hypovolemia (循環)血容量減少
palpitation 心悸
tachycardia 心動過速
pneumothorax 氣胸
thrill 震顫
absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失
dull sound 濁音
hyperresonant 鼓音
rale 囉音
rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,幹囉音
wheeze 哮鳴音anorexia, loss of appetite 食慾不振,厭食
dysphagia 吞嚥困難
eructation 噯氣
belching 噯氣
flatulence 氣脹
flatus 腸胃氣,屁
gaseous distention 胃脹氣
hematemesis 嘔血
hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆
nausea 噁心
pyrosis 胃灼熱
regurgitation 反胃,迴流
thirsty 口渴
vomiting 嘔吐
anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂
ascites 腹水
board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板狀腹
decreased tactile fremitus 觸覺性震顫減弱
exophageal varices 食管靜脈曲張
fistula 瘻,瘻管
hemorrhoid 痔
hernia 疝
hepatomegaly 肝腫大
intussusception 腸套疊
jaundice 黃疸
muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌衞
peristalsis 蠕動
loss of peristalsis 蠕動消失
mass peristalsis 總蠕動