如何把握英文閲讀的主要思路

現在離考研39天的時間，考生們已經進入緊張的備考階段。正所謂“得閲讀者得天下”，很多考生現在這個階段複習英語時都會堅持做閲讀，我們閲讀絕大多數都是細節題，即根據題幹中的細節信息回到文章中定位，然後理解定位所在的句子，進而選出答案，但是在做題過程中，並不是每道細節題都可以定位到具體位置或者有的題定位到位置後也會在兩個選項中糾結，這時該怎麼辦?

在這裏為大家提供一個解題思路，就是把握文章的主要事實，即文章中心，也就是這篇文章反覆討論的事實。因為命題老師不會從文章中不重要的信息出題，文章五道題目的命置是圍繞文章主要事實（即文章中心）的。比如2007年第四篇文章38題

InbringinguptheconceptofGASPtheauthorismakingthepointthat.

[A]shareholders’interestsshouldbeproperlyattendedto

[B]informationprotectionshouldbegivendueattention

[C]businessesshouldenhancetheirlevelofaccountingsecurity

[D]themarketvalueofcustomerdatashouldbeemphasized

我們根據GASP這個專有名詞定位到第三自然段的.第三句話Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York’s Columbia Business School. Just as 在這個語境中是“正如”的意思，也就説這句話作者在舉例子詳細闡述觀點。

題幹中的信息來自於例子（事實論據）中的細節信息，這道題是例證題。所以定位的位置是例子所在的這句話的前一句話The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. 這時大家會發現選項A B D中的信息都符合，很多學生會在這三個選項中糾結，覺得這個三個選項説得都對，不知道該選哪一個，這時我們應該想到文章的主要事實是什麼。

It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance , a new problem threatens to earn them – especially in America—the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.

文章第一段以俗語開篇引出文章討論的話題“數據不安全”。根據表示現在的指示詞“now”知道作者強調的是“信息保護”。所以這道題我們選的是B選項。同樣地第39題

According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to .

[A] see the link between trust and data protection

[B] perceive the sensitivity of personal data

[C] realize the high cost of data restoration

[D] appreciate the economic value of trust

我們根據題幹中的信息看的是第四自然段：

The mystery is that this should come as a surprise to any boss. Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore—and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.

發現定位不到具體位置，這時在讀這段的信息時也覺得雲裏霧裏，看四個選項中信息都是來自這個自然段，尤其是D選項跟文中的信息表述很相似。同學們，在猶豫這個選項時，要思考下這是否是文章的主要事實。根據前面的分析，這篇文章當然不是討論的the economic value of trust 而是information protection 所以這道題選的是A選項。

通過以上講解，相信各位同學已經知道把握文章主要事實的重要性，而我們在做題時可能找不到或者沒有意識去找文章主要事實（文章中心），但是如果在幾個選項中糾結時，我們就可以往文章主要事實方向思考。