中級筆譯翻譯方法

來源:文萃谷 1.41W

語言的互相翻譯不但有利於各國文化的交流,更有利於語言的發展。為了要適漢地把外國語言中的習語忠實地翻譯出來,有經驗的翻譯工作者會採取很多種方法來翻譯。下面是小編整理的幾種翻譯方法,希望能幫到大家!

中級筆譯翻譯方法

  一、英語詞彙翻譯的多樣性

在William Thackeray的小説Vanity Fair(名利場)一書中,作者描繪女子學校校長巴巴拉·平克頓給其學生寫的推薦書時是這樣寫的:

ough schoolmistresses’ letters are to be trusted no more nor less than churchyard epitaphs;yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life,who is really deserving of all the praises the stone-cutter carves over his bones;who is a good Christian,a good parent,child,wife or husband;who actually does leave a disconsolate family to morn his loss;...

這一段楊必先生譯為:

一般説來,校長的信和墓誌銘一樣靠不住。不過偶然也有幾個死人當得起石匠刻在他們朽骨上的好話,真的是虔誠的教徒,慈愛的父母,孝順的兒女,盡職的丈夫,賢良的妻子,他們家裏的人也真的哀思綿綿地追悼他們。

一個“good”,譯得何等文采風流!“虔誠的”、“慈愛的”、“孝順的”、“賢良的”、“盡職的`”不都是在具體語境中從“好的”一詞昇華出來的嗎?

2.A thin man in a thin overcoat watched them out of thin, emotionless eyes.(James Thurber:One Is A Wanderer)

一個骨瘦如柴、衣服單薄、雙目失神的男子注視着他們。

I am busy today.

I have a busy day.(……)

fishing boats were becalmed lust in front of r shadows slept,or almost slept, upon the water,a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep,or if sleep,that it was sleep with dreams.

眼前不遠,漁舟三五,凝滯不前,檣影斜映水上,彷彿睡去,偶爾微見顫動,似又未曾熟睡,恍若驚夢。

這是一個充滿詩情畫意的段落。其中sleep(slept)一詞出現五次,如果將它們逐個譯成“睡”字,大煞風景。譯者經過處理,只譯出其中三個,分別為“斜映”、“睡去”、“熟睡”,無一簡單重複,而另有兩個隱去。譯得如此豐富多彩,首先在於對原文意藴的深入發掘和理解。同時也有賴於譯者運用語言的嫻熟手法。

4.A great company came to the exhibition.(a group of people)

許多人蔘加了展覽會。

The company are now enjoying a feast.(a number of people combined with a common purpose)

那一行人正在進餐。

He kept me company.(He is my guest)

他是我的客人。

We have company today.(invited guest)

今天我們請客。

The ship’s company assembled on the deck for inspection. (a ship’s crew)

全體船員在甲板上等候檢閲。

以上例句中都有一個“company”,在不同的語境中就有了不同的含義(見括號內解釋)。又如:In married life three is company and two none.此句中的 “company”中的意思又與上面的例子不一樣,意思是“和諧”,所以全句的意思是“結婚以後,有了孩子才成其為家”。由此我們想到漢語的成語“兩個和尚抬水吃,三個和尚沒水喝”可以譯成“In social life,two is company and three is none.”正確理解多義詞的關鍵是正確把握語境,也就是上下文,關於這一點我們還要進一步討論。

  二、 同義反譯法

1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

酒吧間只有三個顧客還沒有走。

(不譯:“還留着”或“還呆在那裏”)

2. I’ll be here for good this time.

這一次我再也不走了。

(不譯:“永遠在此呆下去”)

3. Please keep the fire burning when I’m out.

我不在家的時候,別讓爐子滅了。

(不譯:“我外出時,請讓爐子繼續燒着”)

4. "Wait, he is serious."

等等,他不是説着玩兒的。

(不譯:”等等,他是認真的。“)

5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"

聽我説,克拉拉,對這孩子可不能心軟。

(不譯:”......對這孩子要堅定“)

  三、 刪減解釋詞

The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

到南方去的人看見那些黑白混血的女郎,一定會注意到她們十之八九都有那種獨特的優雅風度、那種温柔的聲音和文靜的舉止。

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