2017公共英語二級閲讀文章《冰山》

冰山是一塊大若山川的冰，脱離了冰川或冰架，在海洋裏自由漂流。 冰山非常結實，加之極地的低温環境下金屬的強度降低，很容易損壞金屬板，因此為極地海洋運輸中的極端危險因素。下面，小編為大家送上一篇2017公共英語二級閲讀文章，我們一起去了解一下這座危險的冰山吧。

Icebergs

Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular creations, and yet most people have never seen one. A vague air of mystery envelops them. They come into being —— somewhere —— in faraway, frigid waters, amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence, which in most case no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away just as unnoticed.

Objects of sheerest beauty they have been called. Appearing in an endless variety of shapes, they may be dazzlingly white, or they may be glassy blue, green or purple, tinted faintly or in darker hues. They are graceful, stately, inspiring —— in calm, sunlight seas.

But they are also called frightening and dangerous, and that they are —— in the night, in the fog, and in storms. Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them. Most of their bulk is hidden below the water, so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top. Also, they may roll over unexpectedly, churning the waters around them.

Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off, drift into the water, float about awhile, and finally melt. Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time. They embody snows that drifted down hundreds, or many thousands, or in some cases maybe a million years ago. The snows fell in polar regions and on cold mountains, where they melted only a little or not at all, and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries.

As each year's snow accumulation lay on the surface, evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to lose their feathery points and become tiny grains of ice. When new snow fell on top of the old, it too turned to icy grains. So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones. With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.

冰山

冰山是大自然最壯觀的創造之一，但大多數人卻從未看到過冰山，一種朦朧神祕的氣氛籠罩着它們。冰山形成於久遠的、寒冷的水體中，而且伴隨着雷聲轟鳴般的嘈雜和水花洶湧的風暴，但卻無人耳聞目睹。冰山僅存在短短的一段時間就慢慢地悄無聲息地融化掉。

冰山具有最純粹的美，人們如是説。冰山呈現出千姿百態，可能白得耀眼，或者是閃耀着藍色、綠色或紫色的玻璃般的光芒，或濃或淡。它們在平靜的陽光照耀的海水中顯得優雅堂皇，令人浮想聯翩。

但是人們亦把冰山稱為恐怖的和危險的。它們的確如此——在夜間，霧天和風暴肆虐時。即便是在晴朗的天氣裏，與它們保持一段安全距離也是明智的。冰山的大部分體積穩藏於水下，因此其水下部分的伸展遠遠超過可見的頂部。冰山也可能出人意料地翻滾，劇烈地攪動周圍的水體。

冰山是冰川的一部分，從冰川斷裂漂流進水中，一段時間後融化。今天的冰山由多年前降落的雪花形成。它們的.體內是數百年，或數千年，有時甚至是數百萬年前的降雪。這些雪花落在極地或寒冷的山上，僅有少量融化或根本不融化，這樣經過許多年或許多世紀後積累了巨大的深度。

由於每年的雪花積累在表面之上，蒸發和融化使得雪花慢慢失去其羽狀尖端而變成微小的冰粒。當新的雪花降落到舊的表面上，也變成了冰粒。因而雪花覆蓋層和冰粒層層堆積起來直到如此之大的厚度以致較上層的重量壓縮較下層。在時間和壓力的作用下，許多小冰粒結合到一起變成更大的晶體，最終較底層的晶體合併成龐大而堅固的冰塊。

　　附：公共英語二級閲讀技巧

(1)先看題幹，帶着問題讀文章

閲讀題幹，首先要掌握問題的類型，分清是客觀信息題還是主觀判斷題。客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調、作者未加陳述的觀點以及貫穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理才能解答。

其次，這一步驟中應把短文後的所有題幹都看到，做到心中有數，並且暫時不看選擇項(除要求判斷説法是否符合原文的題目外)，以免受選擇項干擾，然後有針對性地對文章進行掃讀。此法加強了閲讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率，節省了時間。特別適用於對圖形表格類閲讀材料。

(2)深層理解題，比較各題

答完題後，要進行復查，複查時可以先讀短文後檢驗答案，也可以把答案與短文對照起來檢查。複查的方法主要有二：

看按已有的理解，作者的觀點、方式、態度、情感等方面是否存在不一致或相互矛盾之處。在實際閲讀中，有時作者並未把意圖説出來，閲讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關係，研究細節的暗示，推敲作者的態度，理解文章的寓義。

這就是通常所説的深層理解。如果我們對文章的理解是正確的，這種忠實於原文;以文章提供的事實和線索為依據的深層理解應該會在文中得到多處應證，至少也是不出現矛盾。

看通篇各個測試點有無聯繫，有無矛盾。