公共英語三級閲讀理解文章《感冒與年齡》

公共英語三級考試裏，閲讀理解佔據了很大的篇幅，因此考生一定要特別注意進行閲讀理解的練習，多閲讀一些公共英語三級閲讀文章。下面是小編為大家整理的一篇公共英語三級閲讀理解文章，希望對大家有幫助。

A critical factor that plays a part in susceptibility to colds is age. A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health revealed particulars that seem to hold true for the general population. Infants are the most cold ridden group, averaging more than six colds in their first years. Boys have more colds than girls up to age three. After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boys' two. The general incidence of colds continues to decline into maturity. Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually. One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most likely to have young children. Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections. The study also found that economics plays an important role. As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases. Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end. Lower income generally forces people to live in more cramped quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person. Low income may also adversely influence diet. The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly established, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally.

年齡是人們是否易患感冒的一個重要因素。密歇根大學公共衞生學院揭示了一些對人們普遍適用的細節。嬰兒期是最易感冒的時期，從出生到一週歲平均感冒六次。在三週歲前，男孩比女孩感冒次數要多。但三週歲後，女孩就更易感冒了。十幾歲的.女孩年平均感冒三次，男孩則為兩次。一般説來，隨着年齡的增長，感冒的次數也越來越少。健康的老年人每年只感冒一至兩次或更少。但在二十至三十歲之間的人尤其是婦女出現了例外。他們感冒的次數有所增加，其原因在於人們通常在這一時期帶養小孩。那些晚育至三十幾歲或四十幾歲才有孩子的人，在那一時期感冒次數也會突然增加。研究還發現，經濟狀況與感冒息息相關。隨着收入的增加，家庭成員的感冒次數呈下降趨勢。家境貧寒的人感冒次數要比最富裕的人多三分之一。低收入者被迫擠住在比富人居所狹小得多的空間裏。擁擠的狀況為感冒病菌的傳播提供了條件。低收入同樣不利於合理的飲食結構。營養不良到底對患感冒造成多大的影響目前尚不清楚，但不合理的飲食通常降低了人體的抵抗力。

　附：如何做釋義性的題目

所謂釋義性的題目，就是要求對文章中闡述的事物進行準確的解釋。問題往往問該事物的特徵、優點、功能、作用等，如

The main characteristics of the system is _________.

One of the advantages of living in the countryside is _________.

這類問題在閲讀理解的題目中佔較大的比例。因為，閲讀理解的文章大多是説明文體裁。説明文就是對事物解釋，定義。文章用較大的篇幅來解釋，答案項要麼是對這些解釋的另一説法，要麼是對這些解釋的歸納。