國小英語必備的重點知識歸納
國小英語是國小學習階段的一個重要學習科目,也是家長都十分關注的一個學習點,但問題是,很多孩子作為剛接觸英語,很難適應,那麼國小需要學習哪些英語知識呢?下面是本站小編為大家整理的國小英語知識,希望對大家有用!
國小英語語法知識1.現在進行時
表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am,is,are)+動詞ing.
如:It is raining now.
外面正在下雨。
It is six o’clock now.
現在6點了。
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客廳看報紙。
Look!The children are having a running race now.
看!孩子們正在賽跑。
問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞後+not.
2.一般現在時
表示經常反覆發生的事情或動作,常與often,usually,sometimes,always,every day(week year...)on Sundays等詞連用。
結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she,it,Tom,my mother,the boy等詞時,動詞後加s或es.
如:We have an English lesson every day.
我們每天都要上英語課。
Do the boys run faster than the girls?
Yes,they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的。
問句藉助於do,does否定句藉助於don’t,doesn’t,後面動詞一定要還原。
3.一般過去時
表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now;a moment ago;;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);this morning等詞連用。
結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was;were)或主語+動詞的過去式。
注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的'耳機剛剛還在呢。
Where were you do last week?I was at a camp.
你上個星期去哪了?我去野營了。
What did you do yesterday?I visited a farm.
你昨天去幹嘛了?我去參觀農場了。
問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞藉助於did,後面動詞還原;
否定句有be動詞在後面加not,沒有藉助於didn’t後面動詞還原。
4.一般將來時
表示將要打算髮生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow,next week(yesr;Tuesday...),this week(weekend;evening;afternoon;...)today 等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am,is,are)going to+動原或主語+will+動原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow?I am going to have a picnic.
你明天要去幹嘛?我要去野餐。
The children are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。
問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will後加not.
國小英語易錯知識1. 讓我來幫你完成工作吧。
× Let me help you to do your work.
√ Let me help you with your work.
2. 我建議你去休個長假。
× I recommend you to take a long vacation.
√ I recommend that you take a long vacation.
3. 過來。
× Come to here.
√ Come here.
4. 太陽從東方升起。
× The sun rises from the East.
√ The sun rises in the East.
5. 小偷是從窗户爬進來的。
× The thief got in from the window.
√ The thief got in through the window.
6. 讓我們從第10頁開始。
× Let's begin from page 10.
√ Let's begin at(on) page 10.
7. 我耐心有限。
× There is a limit in my patience.
√ There is a limit to my patience.
8. 請在白線內等待。
× Please wait inside the white line.
√ Please wait behind the white line.
9. 你家房子買了火險嗎?
× Is your house insured for fire?
√ Is your house insured against fire?
10. 我沒地方住。
× I have no house to live.
√ I have no house to live in.
11. 臉好髒!照照鏡子。
× What a dirty face! Look at the mirror.
√ What a dirty face! Look in the mirror.
12. 這是我房間門鑰匙。
× This is the key of my room.
√ This is the key to my room.
13. 我準備去上一個為期兩年的英語課程。
× I am going to take a two-year course of English.
√ I am going to take a two-year course in English.
14. 末班車11點開,現在已經快11點了,趕緊的!
× The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's about eleven now, Hurry!
√ The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's nearly (almost) eleven now, Hurry!
15. 把手從電線末端挪開。
× Leave your hand from the end of the wire.
√ Let go of the end of the wire.
16. 靠右走。
× Keep the right.
√ Keep to the right.
17. 不關你的事。
× It is not of only your business.
√ It is none of your business.
國小英語基礎知識1.人稱代詞
主格: I we you she he it they
賓格: me us you her him it them
形容詞性物主代詞:my our your her his its their
名詞性物主代詞: mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容詞和副詞的比較
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞後+er
older ,taller, longer, stronger
(2) 多音節詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最後一個字母,再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i,再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規則變化:
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可數詞的複數形式
Most nouns + s abook –books
Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可數名詞(單複數不變)
bread, rice, water ,juice等。
5.縮略形式
I’m= I a, you’re = you are, she’s= she is, he’s = he is
it’s= it is, who’s =who is, can’t =can not, isn’t=is not等。
6.a/an
a book, a peach
an egg, an hour
osition
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind.
表示時間: at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday, on 15th July, On National Day
in the evening, in December, in winter
8.基數詞和序數詞
one – first, two-second,twenty-twentieth
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
動詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No,they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes,it is. No, it isn’t.
e be結構
肯定句:There is a …
Thereare …
一般疑問句: Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Arethere…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句: There isn’t ….
Therearen’t….
12.祈使句
Sit down please
Don’tsit down, please.
13.現在進行時
通常用“now”.
形式: be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞—ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14.一般現在時
通常用 “usually, often, every day,sometimes”。
肯定句:
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
一般疑問句:
Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
否定句: We don’t go to school on Sundays.