考研英語難句突破300句詳細參考附翻譯

來源:文萃谷 1.19W

14. A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s,neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”— the random byproducts of the neural瞨epair work that goes on during sleep.

考研英語難句突破300句詳細參考附翻譯

【譯文】 一個世紀前,弗洛伊德完成了其革命性的理論,認為夢掩飾我們潛意識中的慾望和恐懼;到了20世紀70年代末期,神經病學家們轉而認為夢只是“精神噪音”,即夢是睡眠時神經修復工作的一種隨機副產品。

【析句】 本句以分號分為兩部分,前一部分的主幹是Freud formulated his revolutionary theory,賓語theory後接一個that引導的同位語從句,説明theory的內容;在第二部分中,代詞them指代dreams,破折號後面的部分進一步解釋什麼是 mental noise,而定語從句that goes on during sleep修飾work。

【講詞】 formulate在這裏表示“制定,規劃”,同義詞有:device,make,frame, invent等。formulate較正式,使用時要注意場合。

disguise與hide近義。The child could hardly disguise his interest in the book.(小孩難以掩飾對那本書的興趣。)但是disguise強調“掩蓋,偽裝”:a blessing in disguise(假意的祝福)。His repeated references to his dangerous hobbies were only a disguise to cover up his insecurity.(他不時提起他喜歡冒險的嗜好,充其量只是為了掩飾他的不安全感。)

random的一個流行的用法是表示“隨機”:random selection(隨機選擇)。

15. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat,regulating moods while the brain is “off瞝ine”.

【譯文】 目前,研究人員猜測夢是大腦情感自動調節系統的組成部分,當大腦處於“掉線”狀態時對情緒進行調整。

【析句】 suspect後面是that引導的賓語從句。逗號之後的現在分詞短語 regulating moods…作定語,解釋thermostat 的意思,句末的'while引導一個時間狀語從句。

【講詞】 suspect意為“懷疑,不信任”,也可表示“猜想,認為”。“懷疑某人有……罪”應表達為suspect …。They suspect him of giving false evidence.(他們懷疑他提供偽證。)

regulate表示“調節,管制”:regulate the temperature of the room(調節房間的温度)。When the band came to town,the police had a hard time regulating the traffic.(樂隊到了這個城市以後,警察為了管制交通着實忙乎了一陣。)

off瞝ine是計算機用語,意為“不在線,掉線”,其反義詞是on瞝ine(online),意為“在線”。

16. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control,to help us sleep and feel better.

【譯文】 一名主要的權威人士説,這些異常強烈的精神活動不僅能被控制,而且事實上可以有意識地加以調節,以幫助我們睡得更好,感覺更好。

【析句】 say後面是that 引導的一個賓語從句,而從句的主語成分(these intensely powerful mental events)跟了兩個並列的謂語成分,一個是can be not only harnessed,一個是but(can be) brought under conscious control,後面的不定式結構to help us sleep and feel better 作目的狀語。

【講詞】 authority如果是單數,通常表示“權威”。He is a noted authority on urban construction.(他是城市建設方面的著名權威人士。)如果authority用作複數,通常表示“權力機構”,與government和regime的意思差不多,但是需要注意這三個詞的差別。

harness有“利用”的意思,在這一方面與make use of,tap和capitalize的意思差不多。harness可以表示“控制”。If you can harness your energy,you will accomplish a great deal.(如果你能控制你的精力,你將獲得巨大成功。)

17. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening,suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.

【譯文】 多數人似乎在入睡初期做更多不好的夢,而在快睡醒前會逐漸做開心一些的夢,這説明人們會在夢裏排解白天的負面情緒。

【析句】 Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night是句子的主幹,後面跟了兩個現在分詞結構progressing toward…和suggesting that …,都是作伴隨狀語,但是第一個現在分詞結構的邏輯主語是most people,而第二個的邏輯主語是suggesting前面的所有句子成分。另外,在suggesting的賓語從句中,過去分詞結構 generated during the day 作後置定語,修飾前面的feelings。

【講詞】 progress作動詞表示“進展”。Our company cannot progress until we employ more people.(我們公司只有僱用更多的人才能發展。)

generate的意思是“產生,形成,生成”:computer瞘enerated imagery(計算機生成的圖像)。When coal burns,it generates heat.(煤在燃燒時產生熱量。)The situation generated widespread dissatisfaction with the peace process.(這種形勢導致人們對和平進程普遍感到不滿。)

18. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events—until,it appears,we begin to dream.

【譯文】 因為我們的意識為日常瑣事所佔據,所以我們不會總是考慮白天發生的事情對情緒的影響,直到我們開始做夢,這種影響似乎才出現。

【析句】 本句是一個表示關係的複合句,Because引導原因狀語從句,主句是we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day餾 events。破折號後面的until引導一個時間狀語從句,其中it appears 是插入語。

【講詞】 occupy除了常見的意思“佔領”以外,還表示“佔用”。As I was full occupied with my own thinking,I did not hear the teacher calling my name.(我一門心思想着事,沒有聽到老師叫我的名字。)I was occupied with preparing for the postgraduate examinations.(我一門心思準備考研。)

significance意為“意義,含義,重要性”。It was not until the early 18th century that the significance of the event was generally realized.(直到18世紀初,人們才普遍認識到這一事件的意義。)Proper methods are needed to determine the significance of these changes.(需要恰當的方式才能確定這些變化的重要性。)

19. At the end of the day,there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from slee瞤ing or “we wake up in panic,” Cartwright says.

【譯文】 卡特萊特説,説到底,只要夢不使我們無法睡眠或“從夢中驚醒”,就沒有多少理由在意所做的夢。

【析句】 At the end of the day在句中作狀語。句子的主句there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all,後面的unless 引導條件狀語從句,其中包含兩個以or連接的並列分句。

【講詞】 reason是一個常用詞,多用作名詞,也可用作動詞。There’s a great deal of reason in his advice.(他的忠告極有道理。)有或沒有理由去做什麼事,都可以套用reason來表達。You have no reason to treat him like that.(你沒有理由那麼對他。)reason作動詞表示“與……理論(講道理),辯論,説服,推斷”。He reasoned out a solution to the problem.(他經過推斷,找出瞭解決問題的辦法。)

at the end of the day意為“最終;説到底;歸根結底”。At the end of the day,a leader’s job is to get results.(領導的職責説到底就是要拿出成績來。)At the end of the day people will learn to be more tolerant of people who don’t see the world the same way.(人們最終將學會更加寬容那些世界觀與我們不盡相同的人。)

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