that which 定語從句

that與which的用法區別。兩者都可指物，常可互換。但還是有區別。下面就跟着小編一起來看看吧。

　　that與which的用法區別

1. 引導非限制性定語從句時，通常要用which：

The current,whichis very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使這條河很危險。

He has to work on Sundays,whichhe doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜歡這樣的。

The London team,whichplayed so well last season, has done badly this season. 倫敦隊上一個季度打得很好，這個季度卻打得很差。

2. 直接放在介詞後作賓語時，通常要用which：

She may be late, inwhichcase we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那樣我們就要等等她。

The documents forwhichthey were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已找到了。

This morning some port wine came, forwhichI have to thank you. 今天早上送來一些波爾圖葡萄酒，為此我得向你道謝。

注：有時“介詞+which”引導的定語從句可以轉換成“介詞+which+不定式”結構：

He had only the long nights inwhichhe could . =He had only the long nights inwhichto . 他只有漫漫長夜可用來。

He had a couple of revolvers withwhichhe could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers withwhichto defend himself. 他只有一兩把槍用來自衞。

3. 當先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時，通常用that： Allthatshe lacked was training. 她缺的只是訓練。

Have you everythingthatyou need? 你需要的東西都有了嗎?

The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everythingthatwas said around him. 這位酣睡的人頭腦的下意識能記住他周圍的人説的話。 She would never do anythingthatwas not approved of by her parents. 她父母不贊同的事她絕不會做。

4. 當先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時，通常用that： This is the only examplethatI know. 我知道的例子只有這一個。 Those are the very wordsthathe used. 那是他的原話。

5. 當先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時，通常用that：

This is the best dictionarythatI’ve ever used. 這是我用過的最好的.詞典。

The first thingthatyou should do is to work out a plan. 你應該做的第一件事是訂個計劃。

6. 當關系代詞在定語從句中用作表語時，通常用that：

China is not the country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。

7. 當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的並列詞組時，通常用that：

They talked about the persons and thingsthatmost impressed them. 他們談論了使他們印象最深的人和事。

8. 當要避免重複時：

Whichis the coursethatwe are to take? 我們選哪門課程?

當先行詞指物時只能用that而不能用which的幾種常見情況

1 先行詞為 all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little 等不定代詞時。

如 There is nothingthatcan stop him from doing it

2 先行詞前有 last, next, only，very 及序數詞、最高級等修飾時。如This is the most interesting filmthatwas shown last week這是上週所放映的 影片中最有趣的一部。

The only thingthatthey can do is to wait他們唯一能做的事就是等待。

3 先行詞前有序數詞或最高級等修飾時。

如This is the second computerthatfather has just bought

這是爸爸剛剛買的第 二台電腦。

This is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday

這正是你昨天買的筆。

4當先行詞既有人，又有物時。

如Sally is talking about the writer and his bookthatinterests her 薩麗在談 論這位作家及能使 她感興趣的這位作家的書。

5 當主語是 who 的疑問句。

如Who is the boythatis playing computer games?

在玩電腦遊戲的男孩是誰?

　當先行詞指物時，只能用which而不能用that的場合

1關係代詞前有介詞時。

如This is the house inwhichTom once lived這是湯姆曾經住過的房子。

2 在非限定性定語從句(即通常用逗號與主句隔開，如果去掉逗號， 整個句子仍能表達 完整的意義的定語從句)中。

如 They are talking about the TV play,whichthey saw last night 他們正在談論 昨晚看的電視劇。