關於定語從句中的that和which知識點

很多同學可能都會覺得在使用定語從句的時候，有時不知該選擇that還是which作為引導詞。其實只要記得以下幾點，並多做練習，在具體的句子中加以理解，一切問題就可以迎刃而解了。

首先，that和which在從句裏都可以做賓語和主語，做賓語時可以省略。在定語從句中,有種説法叫"關賓省",意思是關係代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語可以省略,不管是that，which，還是whom。但是which能引導非限制性定語從句，that則不行。

其次，記得以下只能用that的幾種情況：

1. 當先行詞為all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所構成的複合不定代詞時。

如：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應該做一切有益於人民的事情。

Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有關此事，凡是你所知道的請告訴我。

2. 當先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等詞修飾時。

如：You can take any seat that is free. 任何空着的座位你都可以坐。

There is little work that is fit for you. 幾乎沒有適合你的工作。

3. 當先行詞為序數詞或被序數詞所修飾時。

如：When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人們談論起中國的'城市的時候，我首先 想到的是北京。

This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 這是我們校本學期放映的第四部電影。

4. 當先行詞為形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時。

如：The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是賠禮道歉了。

This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書。

5. 當先行詞被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修飾時。

如： This is the very book that I’m looking for. 這正是我在找的書。

The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我們唯一能做的事就是等待。

注意：先行詞被the same修飾時，關係代詞也可用as。

如：I need the same book that / as you have. 我需要有你一樣的書。

6. 當先行詞既包含人又包含物時。

如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他們正在談論他們感興趣的女英雄及她們的事蹟。

7. 當先行詞是疑問代詞who，which，what或主句以這些詞開頭時。

如：Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him? 曾經和他一起工作過的誰不欽佩他？

Which is the star that is nearer to the earth？ 哪個是離地球比較近的星星？

8. 當先行詞為主句表語或關係代詞為從句表語時。

如：That’s a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本對你很有幫助的書。

Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 我們的學校現在已不是過去的那個樣子了。

9. 先行詞為time時，當time表示次數，引導詞用that, 可省略。 當表示時間，可用that或when引導，都可省略。

如：I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地記得當我第一次聽到世界上最美的聲音的時候。