which引導定語從句用法

來源:文萃谷 2.52W

 which引導定語從句用法:

which引導定語從句用法

關係代詞which引導的定語從句, 指物,在從句中可以作主語、賓語等。多數情況下,可與that互換。但是要注意當從句中,介詞提前只能用which,而且,在非限制性定語從句中,which引導的句子單獨翻譯為一句話。

 (1)“The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders。”

考點:board董事會,be responsible for代表, on behalf of代表(注意在寫作中的應用),shareholder股東

解析:這個句子難度為低級,劃橫線部分為主句只有一個難點就是which的先行詞是誰,是句子還是前面的一個名詞,很顯然,這個句子中是指市場價值,而不是這種能力。

翻譯:保護客户資料的能力是市場價值的關鍵,董事會代表股東對市場價值負有責任。

難點總結:介詞短語,which的先行詞,非限制性定語從句一般翻譯為一個單句。

(2)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another。

考點:multi-media 傳媒集團(最好不要翻譯為多媒體集團), bring together 組織,集合,work in relation to one another 彼此協作,publishing houses出版社

解析:此句難度為高級,劃線部分為主句, 冒號後是主句的同位語,由which引導的定語從句來修飾groups,句尾還有that引導的定語從句來修飾television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses。As在這個句子中是副詞,修飾副詞elsewhere,翻譯為“就像在其他地方一樣”。

翻譯:在歐洲,就像在其他地方一樣,多媒體集團越來越成功了,這些集團把相互之間有緊密聯繫的電視台、電台、報紙、雜誌、出版社組合到了一起。

難點總結:確認關係代詞which,that的先行詞(記得當先行詞是兩個或者兩個以上的人或者物時,關係代詞要用that。),as的用法。

 (3)Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account。

考點:take into account考慮(注意要用在寫作中,尤其是建議信中例如:You need to take the following factor into account when you make a decision。)

解析:這個句子難度為低級。Which在此指代的`是a correct baseline。

翻譯:麥爾斯博士和沃姆博士指出,他們的工作確定了一個準確的底線,未來的管理必須將其考慮進去。

難點總結:確定which的先行詞。

  (4)For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty。

考點:semiconductor半導體,casualty傷亡,

解析:這個句子難度為高級,這個句子是主句裏套從句,從句裏又套從句的結構,所以分清楚主句特別重要,主句為劃線部分,其中as though 引導一個方式狀語從句,這個從句中又有一個由which(先行詞為the making of semiconductors)引導的非限制性定語從句。

翻譯:曾有一段時間,似乎半導體制造業是另一個將要覆沒的產業,要知道半導體正是美國人所發明,它在計算機新時代起着核心作用。

難點總結:注意句子結構。注意各個連詞的指代和意義。

相關考題及解析

〔考題1〕 You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ____ is always busy at the weekend. (2006上海春)

A. that B. where C. what D. which

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾the shopping centre, 應選用D選項中的關係代詞which, which在該定語從句中充當主語。

〔考題2 York, ____ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京)

A. that I visited B. which I visited

C. where I visited D. in which I visited

〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾York, 在定語從句中充當及物動詞visit的賓語, 應選用B選項中的關係代詞which.

  〔考題3〕 He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (1990)

A. these B. those C. that D. which

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾windows, 在定語從句中充當介詞of的賓語, 應選用D選項中的關係代詞which.

  〔考題4〕 The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江蘇)

A. who B. that C. as D. which

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾整個主句“the owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running”所表示的情況, 應選用C選項中的關係代詞which, 在該定語從句中充當主語。

 〔考題5〕 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy. (2000)

A. who B. which C. this D. what

〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾整個主句“Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play”所表示的情況, 應選用B選項中的關係代詞which, 在該定語從句中充當主語。

  〔考題6〕 The result of the experiment was very good, ____ we hadn’t expected. (2000北京、 安徽春)

A. when B. that C. which D. what

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 引導一個非限定性定語從句修飾整個主句“the result of the experiment was very good”所表示的情況, 應選用C選項中的關係代詞which, 在該定語從句中充當及物動詞expect的賓語。

  〔考題7〕 The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (2004)

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 表示“在英語劇中”應用介詞in, 因此在修飾先行詞play的限定性定語從句中也應用介詞in與指代先行詞play的關係代詞which連用, 本題只能選C.注意: 本題中which充當置於定語從句中最前面的介詞in的賓語(in which在整個定語從句中充當狀語)。

  〔考題8〕 I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come. (2006重慶

A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 表示“從他來的方向跑回去”, 應選用介詞from.下劃線處是引導修飾direction的定語從句。

  〔考題9〕 Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands. (2005湖南)

A. that B. in which which

〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 題幹句意為: Frank的夢想是擁有一家可以生產自己的手工製品的商店。in which相當於in the shop的含義, 最適合引導定語從句。

 〔考題10〕 I was given three books on cooking, the first ____ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江)

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 of which表示the first of three books的含義, 介詞of不可以省略, that不可以緊跟介詞後引導定語從句, 因此應選B.

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