定語從句中的which

　　只能使用which的情況:

　1. 在“介詞＋關係代詞”結構中，關係代詞必須用which。

如： The house in which we live is very large. 我們住的房子非常大。

This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。

注意： 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首， which就可換為that， 例如： This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion. 這就是我們已經多次討論過的問題。

2. 先行詞為“those＋表事物的複數名詞”時， 關係代詞通常只用which而不用that。

如：you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.

最後，記得這個特殊情況吧：當先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時，可以用that引導定語從句，相當於介詞+which，that可以省略。

如： She likes the child for the very reason that (=for which) she loves his father. 她喜歡那個孩子因為她愛着孩子的父親。

He didn't like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother. 他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣説話。

Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car. 很難想象，他開車開得那麼快。

The reason (that /for which /why) he came here was to ask for our help.他來這裏的原因是尋求我們的`幫助。

　which和that的區別：

　1只用which,不用that的情況。

1)which可用在非限制性定語從句中。例如：

The project,which lasted four years,cost one billion dollars.這項工程歷時四年，耗資十億美元。

2)which可用前置介詞賓語。例如：

This is the house in which we lived three years ago.這是我們三年前住過的那所房子。

　2只用that，不用which的情況。

1)that相當於關係副詞when,where,why,in the way＝in which。例如：

I'll never forget the Monday that /when you first arrived.我將永遠不會忘記你初到的那個星期一！

Do you know anywhere that I can get fruit?

你知道我能在哪裏買到水果嗎？

I like the place for the very reason that/why you dislike it.我喜歡那地方的原因，恰恰是你不喜歡它的原因。

He doesn't see things the way that /in which we see them.他看問題跟我們不一樣。

2)that既可指物，也可指人。例如：

The people that worked on the project made a good effort.從事那項工程的人們做了很大努力。

3)當主句以here,there開頭時，常用that。例如：

Here is the place that you've been looking for.這就是你一直找的地方。

4)當先行詞是序數詞、形容詞最高級或先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時，常用that。例如：

The first(thing)that should bed one is to get the book.應該做的第一件事是弄到那本書。

This is the best place that I've ever visit-ed.這是我曾參觀過的最好的地方。

5)當先行詞是all,anything,nothing(something除外),none,little,much時，常用that。例如：

Is this all that's left?這就是剩下的所有東西嗎？

Have you got anything that belongs tome?你有沒有拿過屬於我的東西？

6)當先行詞被no,little,only,very,the last等修飾時，常用that。例如：

The only thing that could be done is to find

our way home.唯一能做的事情就是要找到回家的路。

7)當先行詞是兩個或兩個以上的詞分別表示人和物時用that。例如：

They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew.他們談到了他們熟悉的老師和學校。

8)在以which，who開頭的句子中常用that。例如：

Which is the car that killed the man?撞死那個男子的小車是哪一輛？

9)time是先行詞時，前面如有序數詞或last修飾時，定語從句只能用that引導或省略。例如：

This is the last time(that)I shall give you a letter.

The first time(that)I saw him was last year.